Editing Lamego (section)

==History==
[[File:Lamego - Castelo de Lamego (1).jpg|thumb|left|150px|[[Castelo de Lamego|Lamego Castle]], with origins in the 5th century.]]
The area around Lamego was inhabited by [[Ligures]] and [[Turduli]], and during the Roman presence it was occupied by [[Coelerni]], which left behind several monuments.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Due to the placement of the castle, it is likely that a [[Castro culture|castro]] originally existed on the site. During the ''Inquirições'' (''Inventory/Enquiries'') of King Afonso (during the 13th century) there was reference to the Castro de Lameco, referred to as a medieval fortification.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Destroyed by the Romans, the inhabitants were forced to descend into the valley and cultivate the land, as part of the Roman reorganization of the land.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

===Middle Ages===
Lamego became Catholic when the [[Visigoth]]ic king [[Rekared I]] converted to Catholicism. In 569, during the Council of Lugo, there appeared references to Sardinário the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lamego|Bishop of Lamego]].<ref name=CMHistoria/> During the reign of Sisebuto (612-621), the Visigothic monarch coined currency from Lamego, indicating the importance of the region to commerce and culture.

Just outside the city center is the tiny 7th century [[São Pedro de Balsemão]] Chapel, a [[Visigoths|Visigothic]] chapel believed to be the oldest in Portugal (and second oldest in Europe).<ref name=CMHistoria/>

The region alternated between Christian and Muslim hands during the early [[Reconquista]] Period. The city was first conquered by [[Alfonso I of Asturias]] in 741,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Menéndez Pidal |first1=Ramón |title=PRIMERA CRÓNICA GENERAL. ESTORIA DE ESPAÑA DE ALFONSO X|url=https://www.boe.es/biblioteca_juridica/abrir_pdf.php?id=PUB-LH-2022-258|date=1906 |publisher=Biblioteca Digital de Castilla y León |page=357 |edition=2022 |access-date=10 June 2023}}</ref> and repopulated in 868 by [[Alfonso III of Asturias|Alfonso III]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Menéndez Pidal |first1=Ramón |title=PRIMERA CRÓNICA GENERAL. ESTORIA DE ESPAÑA DE ALFONSO X|url=https://www.boe.es/biblioteca_juridica/abrir_pdf.php?id=PUB-LH-2022-258|date=1906 |publisher=Biblioteca Digital de Castilla y León |page=406 |edition=2022 |access-date=10 June 2023}}</ref> It fell into Islamic hands briefly again during the late 10th century, until [[Ferdinand I of León and Castile]] conquered the region definitively on 29 November 1057. As a consequence the bishopric was moved after these events (to later be restored in 1071).<ref name=CMHistoria/>

In 1128, the nascent national Egas Moniz, had his tenancy in Lamego while his residence was in [[Britiande]], as master of the Riba–Douro, between [[Vila Nova de Paiva|Paiva]] and [[Távora (Santa Maria e São Vicente)|Távora]] (in addition to the lands of Côa).<ref name=CMHistoria/>
[[File:Lamego, Sé-PM 33447.jpg|thumb|left|The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption, built in 1129.]] 
The most significant moment in the town's history was in 1139, when nobles declared [[Afonso Henriques]] to be Portugal's first king. The town's Gothic cathedral was built by him, although only the [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] tower is left from the original building, with its carved Renaissance portal and fine cloister dating from the 16th and 18th centuries. The 12th-century castle preserves a fine keep and a very old and unusual [[cistern]] with [[monogram]]s of master masons.

King [[Sancho I of Portugal|Sancho I]] issued a charter of independence in 1191, as the local community grew around two poles: the ecclesiastical parishes of Sé and Castelo.<ref name=CMHistoria/> In 1290, King [[Denis of Portugal|Denis]] provided a market charter to the city, attracting merchants from [[Crown of Castile|Castile]] and [[Emirate of Granada|Granada]] with their oriental spices and textiles.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

Lamego had a privileged positioned on the routes from western Iberia, as a transit point within the settlements of the Além-Douro, [[Braga]] and [[Guimarães]], from [[Alcântara, Lisbon|Alcântara]] and [[Mérida, Spain|Mérida]] to [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]] and [[Seville]].<ref name=CMHistoria/> It was also one of the preferred routes on the ''Saint James Way'' pilgrimage to [[Santiago de Compostela]]. But, two events changed the economic and social circumstances in the region: the conquest of Granada which drove the last of the Moors from the Peninsula; and the discovery of the maritime connection to India, which resulted in a slow decline for the region.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

===Early modern era===
[[File:Lamego remedios.jpg|thumb|right|190px|Sanctuary of Our Lady of Remédios, built in 1750.]]
[[Manuel I of Portugal]] issued a [[foral]] (''charter'') in 1514. Also in the 16th century, Manuel de Noronha (one of the more notable prelates of Lamego) was appointed the Bishop of Lamego, occupying the role for the next 18 years and referred to the ''"great builder"'', responsible for the cult of ''Nossa Senhora dos Remédios'' (''Our Lady of Remedies'').<ref name=CMHistoria/>

In the 17th and 18th century, the ''solares'' (''country estates'') were slowly constructed in Lamego, resulting from the wine commerce down the Douro.

The economic growth of [[viticulture]] along the Douro resulted in the issuance of a writ by [[Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal]], to designate the area as the ''Região Demarcada do Douro'' and the establishment of the ''Companhia Geral da Agricultura das Vinhas do Alto Douro'' (''General Company of the Wine Agriculture of the Upper Douro'').<ref name=CMHistoria/>

In 1835, Lamego was the capital of the district, but lost this title to Viseu (December 1835), under the authority of the King's Minister [[Luís Mouzinho de Albuquerque]]. 
In 1919, in an attempt to restore the monarchy, Lamego became the capital of the district for 24 days.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

During the second half of the 19th century, during the presidency of the Viscount of Guedes Teixeira, Lamego begins a process of modernization with the construction of new avenues.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

After the establishment of the [[Portuguese First Republic|First Republic]], during the presidency of Alfredo de Sousa, Lamego undergoes a new phase of building, including the construction a bridge over the Coura River.<ref name=CMHistoria/>