Editing Langholm (section)

== History==
[[File:The Town Hall, Langholm (geograph 4190172).jpg|thumb|right|[[Langholm Town Hall]]]]
[[File:Langholm 09.jpg|thumb|right|Whita hill with its obelisk commemorating [[Sir John Malcolm]], [[List of governors of Bombay|Governor of Bombay]] from 1827 to 1830]]
Langholm was founded in 1455 during the [[Battle of Arkinholm]].

A fort at nearby Langholm Castle was occupied by English soldiers during the war known as the [[Rough Wooing]]. [[Thomas Wharton, 1st Baron Wharton|Thomas Wharton]] reported that at the end of April 1543, the soldiers burnt farms at Whitslade in [[Teviotdale]].<ref>Joseph Stevenson, ''Selections from unpublished manuscripts illustrating the reign of Mary Queen of Scotland'' (Glasgow, 1837), p. 1.</ref> There were plans to modify the tower by reducing its height to place artillery.<ref>David Caldwell, Vicky Oleksy, Bess Rhodes, ''The Battle of Pinkie, 1547'' (Oxbow, 2023), pp. 28–31.</ref> [[Regent Arran]] successfully besieged the fort in July 1547 and then travelled to the [[siege of St Andrews Castle]] to meet a French force.<ref>Elizabeth Bonner, 'The recovery of St. Andrews Castle in 1547, French diplomacy in the British Isles', ''EHR'' (June 1996), pp. 583–586, 588–589.</ref> [[Mary of Guise]] had the fort rebuilt in 1556.<ref>[[James Balfour Paul]], ''Accounts of the Treasurer of Scotland'', 10 (Edinburgh, 1913), p. 409: ''HMC The manuscripts of the Duke of Roxburghe'' (London, 1894), pp. 3, 30–31.</ref>

Langholm is the traditional seat of [[Clan Armstrong]], which is currently represented globally by the official Clan Armstrong Trust. Home of the Clan Armstrong line is [[Gilnockie Tower]] {{convert|4.5|mi|km|0|abbr=off}} south of Langholm and {{convert|1.4|mi|km|0|abbr=off}} north of [[Canonbie]]. The [[Scottish Episcopal Church|Episcopalian]] church on Castle Holm went into disuse before conversion into the Clan Armstrong museum, later moved to Gilnockie Tower.

The town was an important centre for the [[Border Reivers]]. In 1759, it won its case in a legal dispute with the [[Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch|Duke of Buccleuch]], winning the right of common over the Kilngreen and Common Moss, a success that led to the establishment of the Langholm Common Riding.<ref>[[Guy Shrubsole|Shrubsole, Guy]] (2024), ''The Lie of the Land: Who Really Cares for the Countryside?'', [[William Collins, Sons|William Collins]], London, p. 59,{{isbn|9780008651770}}</ref> The town later grew around the [[textile]] industry. [[Langholm Town Hall]] was completed in 1813.<ref>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB37122|desc=Town Hall, High Street, Langholm|access-date=21 July 2022}}</ref>

In 2020, the local community purchased 5,000 acres (2,000 hectares) of Langholm Moor for £3.8m from Buccleuch Estates.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fwi.co.uk/business/markets-and-trends/land-markets/historic-community-buyout-of-part-of-buccleuch-estate|title=Historic community buyout of part of Buccleuch Estate|date=3 November 2020|website=Farmers Weekly}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenational.scot/news/18539784.community-land-buyout-buccleuch-estate-looks-doomed/|title=Community land buyout on the Buccleuch Estate looks doomed|website=The National}}</ref>