Editing Lyman Duff (section)

==Judicial and other appointments==
[[Image:Lyman Duff.jpg|120px|thumb|left|Bust of Duff in the [[Supreme Court of Canada]] building.]]
In 1904, he was appointed a puisne judge of the [[Supreme Court of British Columbia]]. In 1906, he was appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. On January 14, 1919, he was appointed to the [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom]].<ref>Appointment notice at {{London Gazette |issue=31427  |date=1 July 1919 |page=1 }}</ref> Duff was the first and only Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada to be appointed to the Imperial Privy Council. In 1924, he was elected as an honorary [[bencher]] of [[Gray's Inn]], at the recommendation of [[F. E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead|Lord Birkenhead]].<ref name=":0" />

In 1931, he served as [[Administrator of the Government of Canada]] (acting Governor-General of Canada) between the departure of [[Vere Brabazon Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough|Lord Bessborough]] for England and the arrival of [[John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir|Lord Tweedsmuir]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal
| last = Campbell
| first = W. Kenneth
| date = October 1974
| title = The Right Honourable Sir Lyman Poore Duff, P.C., G.C.M.G.: The Man as I Knew Him
| url = http://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2236&context=ohlj
| journal = Osgoode Hall Law Journal
| volume = 12
| issue = 2
| pages = 243–260
| doi = 10.60082/2817-5069.2236
| access-date = 2016-02-24
| doi-access = free
}}</ref> Duff took on the position, as the Chief Justice was unavailable. As Administrator, Duff opened Parliament and read the [[Speech from the throne|Speech from the Throne]] on 12 March 1931, becoming the first Canadian-born person to do so.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

In 1933, Duff was appointed as [[Chief Justice of Canada]], succeeding [[Francis Alexander Anglin|Chief Justice Anglin]]. He was made a Knight Grand Cross of the [[Order of St. Michael and St. George]] the following year<ref>Appointment notice at {{London Gazette |issue=34010 |date=29 December 1933 |page=5 |supp=y }}</ref> as a result of Prime Minister [[R. B. Bennett|Richard Bennett]]'s temporary suspension of the [[Nickle Resolution]].{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

When [[Governor General]] Lord Tweedsmuir died in office on February 11, 1940, Chief Justice Duff became the [[Administrator of the Government]] for the second time.<ref name=":1" /> He held the office for nearly four months, until [[King George VI]] appointed [[Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone]] as Governor General on June 21, 1940.<ref name=":1" /> Duff was the first Canadian to hold the position, even in the interim. A Canadian-born Governor General was not appointed until [[Vincent Massey]] in 1952.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

Duff also heard more than eighty appeals on the [[Judicial Committee of the Privy Council]], mostly Canadian appeals; however, he never heard Privy Council appeals from the Supreme Court of Canada while he served on the latter, otherwise, it would have been seen as a conflict of interest. The last Privy Council appeal heard by Duff was the 1946 [[Reference Re Persons of Japanese Race]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite ODNB|id = 32920|title = Duff, Sir Lyman Poore (1865–1955), judge in Canada}}</ref>

In 1942, Duff served as the sole member of a [[Royal Commission]] constituted to examine the Liberal government's conduct in relation to the [[Battle of Hong Kong|defence of Hong Kong]]. The resulting report, which completely exonerated the government, proved to be controversial, and was seen by many as a whitewash.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

Upon reaching the mandatory retirement age for judges in 1939, his term of office was extended by three years by a special Act of Parliament;<ref>{{Cite canlaw|short title  =An Act respecting the Chief Justice of Canada|abbr =S.C.|year =1939 (1st sess.)|chapter =14|link=https://archive.org/details/actsofparl1939v01cana/page/89/mode/1up}}</ref> in 1943, his term of office was extended for another year by Parliament.<ref>{{Cite canlaw|short title  =An Act to amend an Act respecting the Chief Justice of Canada|abbr =S.C.|year =1943-44|chapter =1|link=https://archive.org/details/actsofparl194344v01cana/page/3/mode/1up}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> He retired as Chief Justice in 1944.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}