Editing Malar rash (section)

== Differential diagnosis ==
Conditions that can cause rashes with a similar appearance to a malar rash include:

* [[lupus erythematosus]]<ref name=":1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Uva L, Miguel D, Pinheiro C, Freitas JP, Marques Gomes M, Filipe P | title = Cutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. | journal = Autoimmune Diseases | date = October 2012 | volume = 2012 | page = 834291 | doi = 10.1155/2012/834291 | pmid = 22888407 | pmc = 3410306 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* [[pellagra]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dreizen S | title = The butterfly rash and the malar flush. What diseases do these signs reflect? | journal = Postgraduate Medicine | volume = 89 | issue = 1 | pages = 225–8, 233–4 | date = January 1991 | pmid = 1824645 | doi = 10.1080/00325481.1991.11700800 }}</ref>
* [[dermatomyositis]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sontheimer RD | title = The management of dermatomyositis: current treatment options | journal = Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | pages = 1083–99 | date = May 2004 | pmid = 15155110 | doi = 10.1517/14656566.5.5.1083 | s2cid = 9829484 }}</ref>
* [[Bloom syndrome]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Aljarad S, Alhamid A, Rahmeh AR, Alibraheem A, Wafa A, Alachkar W, Aljarad Z, Aziz G | display-authors = 6 | title = Bloom syndrome with myelodysplastic syndrome that was converted into acute myeloid leukaemia, with new ophthalmologic manifestations: the first report from Syria | journal = Oxford Medical Case Reports | volume = 2018 | issue = 12 | pages = omy096 | date = December 2018 | pmid = 30410776 | pmc = 6217711 | doi = 10.1093/omcr/omy096 }}</ref>
* [[Rosacea]], a long-term skin condition characterized by a red rash, usually on the face.

Lupus causes up to 96% of all cases of malar rash.<ref name=":1" /> Where lupus is suspected, further [[medical test]]s and a detailed history and examination are necessary to [[differential diagnosis|differentiate]] it from other conditions.{{citation needed|date=August 2015}} These tests may include a test for the presence of [[anti-nuclear antibody]] in the blood as a [[screening (medicine)|screening]] test, which is not specific for lupus erythematosus.{{Citation needed|date=December 2020}}