Editing Matthew Paris (section)

==Manuscripts by Matthew Paris==

Many of Paris's manuscripts aside from his ''Chronica'' contain multiple texts and often begin with a large assortment of prefatory material, often including full-page miniatures. Some have survived incomplete, and the various elements now bound together may not have been intended to be so by Paris. Unless stated otherwise, all were given by Paris to his monastery (from some inscriptions it seems they were regarded as his property to dispose of). The monastic libraries were broken up at the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries|Dissolution]]. These MSS seem to have been appreciated, and were quickly collected by bibliophiles. Many of his manuscripts in the [[British Library]] are from the [[Cotton Library]].[[File:Paris.elefant.jpg|thumb|Elephant of [[Louis IX of France]], a present to [[Henry III of England]]. Illustration from the {{Lang|la|Chronica Majora}} II, [[Corpus Christi College, Cambridge]]]]
* {{Lang|la|[[Chronica Majora]]}}. [[Corpus Christi College, Cambridge]], MSS 26 and 16, 362 × 244/248&nbsp;mm. ff 141 + 281, composed 1240–53. His major historical work (see below), but less heavily illustrated per page than others.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://parkerweb.stanford.edu/ |title=Welcome |website=Corpus Christi College |access-date=7 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720165904/http://parkerweb.stanford.edu/ |archive-date=20 July 2008}}</ref> These two volumes contain annals from the creation of the world up to the year 1253. The content up to 1234 or 1235 is based in the main on Roger of Wendover's ''Flores Historiarum'', with additions; after that date, the material is Paris's own, and written in his own hand from the annal for 1213 onward. There are 100 marginal drawings (25 + 75), some fragmentary maps and an itinerary, and full-page drawings of [[William I of England|William I]]. MS 16 has very recently had all prefatory matter re-bound separately.<ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|Chronica Majora part 1 (Matthew Paris) - Parker MS 26}}</ref><ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|Chronica Majora part 2 (Matthew Paris) - Parker MS 16}}</ref>
:A continuation of the ''Chronica'', from 1254 until Paris's death in 1259, is bound with the ''Historia Anglorum'' in the British Library volume below. An unillustrated copy of the material from 1189 to 1250, with much of his sharper commentary about [[Henry III of England|Henry III]] toned down or removed, was supervised by Paris himself and now exists as British Library Cotton MS Nero D V, fol. 162–393.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS040-001102726 |title=Matthew Paris, Chronica maiora (2r-393r), incorporating St Godric's hymn to the Blessed Virgin Mary (150v: Boffey 2988)... |website=British Library |access-date=7 April 2022}}</ref>
* ''[[Flores Historiarum]]''. [[Chetham's Library|Chetham's Hospital and Library, Manchester]], MS 6712. Only part of the text, covering 1241 to 1249, is in Paris's hand, though he is credited with the authorship of the whole text, which is an abridgement of the ''Chronica'' with additions from the annals of Reading and of Southwark. Additional interpolations to the text make it clear the volume was created for [[Westminster Abbey]]. It was apparently started there, copying another MS of Paris's text that went up to 1240. Later it was sent back to the author for him to update; [[Richard Vaughan (historian)|Richard Vaughan]] argues this was in 1251–2. The illustrations are similar to Paris's style but not by him. Later additions took the chronicle up to 1327.<ref>Nigel Morgan in: Jonathan Alexander & Paul Binski (eds), ''Age of Chivalry, Art in Plantagenet England, 1200–1400'', Royal Academy/Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1987, Cat 437</ref><ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|Flores Historiarum}}</ref>
* ''Historia Anglorum''. British Library, Royal MS 14 C VII, fols. 8v–156v.<ref>British Library Digitised Manuscript information: [http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_14_C_VII Royal MS 14 C VII]</ref> 358 × 250&nbsp;mm, ff 232 in all. A history of England, begun in 1250 and perhaps completed around 1255, covering the years 1070–1253. The text is an abridgement of the ''Chronica'', also drawing on Wendover's ''Flores Historiarum'' and Paris's earlier edited version of the ''Chronica''. Bound with it is the final part of Paris's {{Lang|la|Chronica Majora}}, covering the years 1254–1259 (folios 157–218), and prefatory material including an itinerary from London to Jerusalem and tinted drawings of the kings of England. All is in Paris's own hand, apart from folios 210–218 and 154v–156v, which are in the hand of the scribe who has added a note of Matthew Paris's death (f. 218v). The ''Chronica'' concludes with a portrait of Paris on his death-bed, presumably not by him.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ibs001.colo.firstnet.net.uk/britishlibrary/controller/subjectidsearch?id%3D11624%26%26idx%3D1%26startid%3D12427 |title=Matthew Paris on death bead |website=British Library |access-date=7 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050429145604/http://ibs001.colo.firstnet.net.uk/britishlibrary/controller/subjectidsearch?id=11624 |archive-date=29 April 2005}}</ref> By the 15th century this volume belonged to [[Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester]], son of [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV]], who inscribed it "Ceste livre est a moy Homffrey Duc de Gloucestre". Later it was held by the [[bishop of Lincoln]], who wrote a note that if the monks of St Albans could prove the book was a loan, they should have it back. Otherwise, it was bequeathed to [[New College, Oxford]]. The fact that the book was acquired by a 16th-century Earl of Arundel suggests that Duke Humphrey's inscription was not entirely accurate, as New College would probably not have disposed of it.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/themes/mapsandviews/mattparismap.html |title=Matthew Paris' map of Great Britain |website=British Library |access-date=7 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915215108/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/themes/mapsandviews/mattparismap.html |archive-date=15 September 2008}}</ref><ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|Historia Anglorum (1250–1259) - BL Royal MS 14 C VII}}</ref>
* ''Abbreviatio chronicorum'' (or ''Historia minor''), British Library Cotton MS Claudius D VI, fols. 5–100.<ref>British Library Archives and Manuscripts catalogue: [http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS041-001102535 Cotton MS Claudius D VI, fols. 5–100]</ref> Another shortened history, mainly covering 1067 to 1253. Probably begun {{Circa|1255}}, it remained unfinished at Paris's death. Illustrated with thirty-three seated figures of English kings illustrating a [[genealogy]]. It also contains the most developed of Paris's four maps of Great Britain.<ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|Matthew Paris, Abbreuiatio chronicorum, AD 1000–1255 (13th C) - BL Cotton MS Claudius D VI}}</ref>
* ''Chronica excerpta a magnis cronicis''. British Library Cotton MS Vitellius A XX, folios 77r–108v.<ref>British Library Archives and Manuscripts catalogue: [http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS041-001102983 Cotton MS Vitellius A XX, ff 67–242].</ref> Covers from 1066 to 1246. Written at some point between 1246 and 1259. Not definitely by Paris, but evidently written under his supervision, with some of the text in his own hand.
* ''Liber Additamentorum''. British Library Cotton MS Nero D I, ff 202 in all, contains maps, the illustrated''[[Vitae duorum Offarum]]'', the ''Gesta Abbatum'' (the lives of the first 23 abbots of St Albans with a miniature portrait of each), coats of arms, as well as a large number copies of original documents such as letters. The from-life original version of his well-known drawing of an elephant is in this volume, as is a large drawing of Christ, not by Paris.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=011COTNERD00001U00183V00 |title=Itinerary From London To Chambery, In Matthew Paris' 'Book Of Additions'<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=7 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113103812/http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=011COTNERD00001U00183V00 |archive-date=13 January 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=033COTNERD00001U00156000 |title=Matthew Paris' "Lives of the Offas", Christ of Revelations<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=7 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927231044/http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=033COTNERD00001U00156000 |archive-date=27 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|Matthew Paris, Liber Additamentorum (13th-14th C) - BL Cotton MS Nero D I}}</ref>[[File:DublinTrinityCollegeMSEi40LifeAlbanFol45rMartyrdomAmphibalus.jpg|thumb|Martyrdom of [[Amphibalus]] from the [[Trinity College Library|Trinity College, Dublin]] ''Life of St Alban'']]
* ''Life of [[Saint Alban|St Alban]]'' etc., dating controversial (1230–1250), [[Trinity College, Dublin#The Library|Trinity College, Dublin Library]], Ms 177 (former Ms E.I.40) 77 ff with 54 miniatures, mostly half-page. 240 × 165&nbsp;mm. Also contains a ''Life of [[Amphibalus|St Amphibalus]]'', and various other works relating to the history of [[St Albans Cathedral|St Albans Abbey]], both also illustrated. The ''Life of St Alban'' is in French verse, adapted from a Latin ''Life of St Alban'' by [[William of St Albans]], ca. 1178. The manuscript also contains notes in Paris's hand (see above) showing that his manuscripts were lent to various aristocratic ladies for periods, and that he probably acted as an intermediary between commissioners of manuscripts and the (probably) lay artists who produced them, advising on the calendars and iconography.<ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|Dublin, Trinity College, MS E. I. 40, Life of St._Alban}}</ref>
* ''Life of [[Edward the Confessor|King Edward the Confessor]]'' 1230s or 40s, [[Cambridge University Library]] MS. Ee.3.59.<ref name="paris life">{{cite web|last=Paris|first=Matthew|title=Life of St Edward the Confessor|url=http://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-EE-00003-00059/|publisher=Cambridge Digital Library|access-date=24 April 2012}}</ref> This is the only surviving copy of this work, but is believed to be a slightly later copy made in London, probably by court artists, of Paris's text and framed illustrations. Based on the Latin Life of Edward the Confessor by [[Aelred of Rievaulx]], {{circa}}&nbsp;1162.<ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|The Life of King Edward the Confessor}}</ref>[[File:Henry exiles Becket's kin - Becket Leaves (c.1220-1240), f. 1r - BL Loan MS 88.jpg|thumb|One of the "Becket Leaves", if not by Paris, certainly in his style]]
* ''Life of [[Thomas Becket|St Thomas of Canterbury]]'', British Library, Loan MS 88 – Four leaves (the "Becket Leaves") survive from a French-verse history of the life of [[Thomas Becket]] with large illuminations. Based on the Latin ''Quadrilogus'' compiled by [[Elias of Evesham]] at [[Crowland Abbey]] in 1198. The illuminations are attributed to Paris by [[Janet Backhouse]], but not by [[Nigel Morgan]]. Vaughan had previously noted that the leaves from the ''Life of St Thomas'' and the ''Life of King Edward'' are of different sizes, and written by different scribes, neither of them Paris himself, so they are not likely to be part of the manuscript that Paris wrote of having lent to the Countess of Arundel; but that, "to judge from the script and the style of illumination" they are "very close copies of Matthew [Paris]'s original".<ref>Vaughn (1958), ''Matthew Paris'', p. 171</ref><ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|The Becket Leaves (c.1220-1240) - BL Loan MS 88}}</ref>
* ''Life of [[Edmund Rich|St Edmund]]'', a French-verse history of the life of [[Edmund Rich]], Archbishop of Canterbury from 1233 to 1240. Based on Paris's own Latin prose life of Rich, composed in the late 1240s, which drew on a collection of materials made at [[Pontigny Abbey|Pontigny]], statements from [[Robert Bacon (writer)|Robert Bacon]] and [[Richard of Chichester|Richard Wych]], Bishop of Chichester, and other materials including from Paris's own histories. A 14th-century copy of the prose life has survived in British Library Cotton MS Julius D VI, folios 123–156v.<ref>British Library Archives and Manuscripts catalogue: [http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS041-001101722 Cotton MS Julius D VI, ff 123r–156v].</ref> One copy of the verse life that was in Cotton MS Vitellius D VIII was destroyed in the [[Cotton library#Ashburnham House fire|fire of 1731]]; but another copy was discovered in the early 1900s at [[Welbeck Abbey]] and is now in the British Library.<ref>British Library Archives and Manuscripts catalogue: [http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS040-002044034 Add MS 70513, ff 85v-100].</ref>
* ''Liber Experimentarius'' of [[Bernard Silvestris|Bernardus Silvestris]], and other fortune-telling tracts.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Iafrate|first1=Allegra|title=Matthieu Paris, Le Moine et le Hasard: Bodleian Library, MS Ashmole 304|year=2016|publisher=Garnier|location=Paris|isbn=978-2-8124-4945-1}}</ref> [[Bodleian Library]], Oxford, Ms. Ashmole 304, 176 × 128&nbsp;mm, ff72. Many illustrations: author portraits (many of ancient Greeks – [[Socrates]], [[Plato]], [[Euclid]], [[Pythagoras]]), birds, tables and diagrams of geomantic significance. Several later copies of the text and illustrations survive. Provenance before 1602 unknown.<ref group=c>{{commons category-inline|Liber Experimentarius - Bod. MS Ashmole 304}}</ref>
* Miscellaneous writings by [[John of Wallingford (d. 1258)|John of Wallingford]] (the Younger), British Library, MS Cotton Julius D VII,<ref>British Library Archives and Manuscripts catalogue: [http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS040-001101724 Cotton MS Julius D VII, ff 34r–115r].</ref> 188 × 130&nbsp;mm, ff. 134. 1247–58. Mostly scribed by [[John of Wallingford (d. 1258)|John of Wallingford]], another monk of St Albans, who also probably did some drawings. A portrait of John,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imagesonline.bl.uk/britishlibrary/controller/subjectidsearch?id%3D8541%26%26idx%3D1%26startid%3D11208 |title=John of Wallingford |website=British Library |access-date=7 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311022838/http://www.imagesonline.bl.uk/britishlibrary/controller/subjectidsearch?id=8541 |archive-date=11 March 2007}}</ref> a map of the British Isles, and a [[Christ in Majesty]] are all accepted as by Paris. The main text is a chronicle, highly derivative of Paris's. This was John's property, left to his final monastery at [[Wymondham]].

Also, fragments of a Latin biography of [[Stephen Langton]]. Various other works, especially maps.

A panel painting on oak of [[Saint Peter|St Peter]], the only surviving part of a [[church tabernacle|tabernacle]] shrine (1850 × 750&nbsp;mm), in the Museum of [[University of Oslo|Oslo University]] has been attributed to Paris, presumably dating from his visit in 1248. Local paintings are usually on pine, so he may have brought this with him, or sent it later.<ref>Nigel Morgan in: Jonathan Alexander & Paul Binski (eds), ''Age of Chivalry, Art in Plantagenet England, 1200–1400'', Royal Academy/Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1987, Cat 311</ref>