Editing Max (software) (section)

=== 1980s ===
[[Miller Puckette]] began work on Max in 1985, at the [[IRCAM|Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique]] (IRCAM) in [[Paris]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cache//b/b/p/bbp2372.1985.043/bbp2372.1985.043.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815043521/https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cache//b/b/p/bbp2372.1985.043/bbp2372.1985.043.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 15, 2020|title=Synthetic Rehearsal: Training the Synthetic Performer|access-date=2008-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/i/icmc/bbp2372.1985.043/1/--synthetic-rehearsal-training-the-synthetic-performer?page=root;size=150;view=text |title=Synthetic Rehearsal: Training the Synthetic Performer |journal=International Computer Music Conference Proceedings |publisher=ICMC |date=1985 |volume=1985 |access-date=2018-09-19|last1=Barry |first1=Vercoe |last2=Miller |first2=Puckette }}</ref> Originally called ''The Patcher'', this first version provided composers with a graphical interface for creating interactive [[computer music]] scores on the [[Macintosh]]. At this point in its development Max couldn't perform its own real-time sound synthesis in software, but instead sent control messages to external hardware synthesizers and samplers using [[MIDI]] or a similar [[Protocol (computing)|protocol]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://msp.ucsd.edu/Publications/icmc88.pdf |title= The Patcher |author= Puckette, Miller S.|publisher= ICMC|date= 11 August 1988|access-date=2018-08-22}}</ref> Its earliest widely recognized use in composition was for ''Pluton'', a 1988 piano and computer piece by [[Philippe Manoury]]; the software synchronized a computer to a piano and controlled a [[Sogitec 4X]] for audio processing.<ref name="pluton">{{cite web|url=http://www-crca.ucsd.edu/~msp/pdrp/latest/patch/manoury-pluton/doc/history.htm |title=Pd Repertory Project - History of ''Pluton'' |publisher=CRCA |last=Puckette |first=Miller S. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040707132901/http://www-crca.ucsd.edu/~msp/pdrp/latest/patch/manoury-pluton/doc/history.htm |archive-date=2004-07-07 |access-date=March 3, 2012}}</ref>

In 1989, IRCAM developed ''Max/FTS'' ("Faster Than Sound"), a version of Max ported to the [[ISPW|IRCAM Signal Processing Workstation]] (ISPW) for the [[NeXT]]. Also known as "Audio Max", it would prove a forerunner to Max's MSP audio extensions, adding the ability to do real-time synthesis using an internal hardware [[digital signal processor]] (DSP) board.<ref name="ircam_history">{{cite web| url=http://freesoftware.ircam.fr/article.php3?id_article=5 |title=A brief history of MAX |publisher=IRCAM |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603230029/http://freesoftware.ircam.fr/article.php3?id_article=5 |archive-date=2009-06-03 }}</ref><ref name="cycling_'74_history">{{cite web|url=http://www.cycling74.com/twiki/bin/view/FAQs/MaxMSPHistory#Where_did_MaxMSP_come_from |title=Max/MSP History - Where did Max/MSP come from? |publisher=Cycling74 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090609205550/http://www.cycling74.com/twiki/bin/view/FAQs/MaxMSPHistory |archive-date=2009-06-09 |access-date=March 3, 2012}}</ref> In 1989, IRCAM worked with Joel Chadabe and Ben Austin of Intelligent Computer Music Systems to license the software for commercial sales in the United States. With the 1990 bankruptcy of Intelligent Computer Music Systems, both the ''Max'' Software and Ben Austin moved to [[Opcode Systems]], which became the publisher of record for ''Max''.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HZtGs5_z4zIC&dq=max+intelligent+music+joel+chadabe&pg=PA241 The Contemporary Violin: Extended Performance Techniques By Patricia Strange, Allen Strange] Accessed 10 September 2018</ref>