Editing Maximum break (section)

==Records==
===First maximums===
The first known maximum break in practice was made by Murt O'Donoghue at [[Griffith, Australian Capital Territory|Griffith]], [[Australian Capital Territory]], Australia, on 26 September 1934.<ref name="snooker.org_Records" /><ref>{{cite book |title=British Phrasebook |first1=Elizabeth |last1=Bartsch-Parker |first2=Roibeard |last2=O'Maolalaigh |first3=Stephen |last3=Burger |year=1999 |publisher=Lonely Planet |location=Hawthorn, Vic. |isbn=0-86442-484-1 |page=146 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qcR7uwgf5BEC&pg=PA146 |edition=1st |access-date=17 November 2012}}</ref><ref name="GS_147club">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsnookercentre.co.uk/files/History/history_147.htm |title=The 147 Club |date=2008 |access-date=19 January 2009 |website=Global Snooker Centre |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090119143019/http://www.globalsnookercentre.co.uk/files/History/history_147.htm |archive-date=19 January 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article235328595 |title=The Possible |newspaper=[[The Young Chronicle]] |volume=60 |issue=84 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=2 October 1934 |access-date=23 January 2025 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> [[Joe Davis]] compiled the first official 147 against [[Willie Smith (billiards player)|Willie Smith]] in an exhibition match on 22 January 1955 at Leicester Square Hall, London.<ref name="Guinness_WR_147">{{cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/records-9000/first-official-147-break-in-snooker/ |title=First official 147 break in snooker |work=[[Guinness World Records]] |access-date=3 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304012625/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/records-9000/first-official-147-break-in-snooker/ |archive-date=4 March 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Davis |first=Joe |year=2002 |orig-year=First published 1976 |author-link=Joe Davis |title=The breaks came my way |publisher=[[English Amateur Billiards Association]] |chapter=Chapter 20 : The elusive 147 |url=http://www.eaba.co.uk/books/davis/chapter20.html |access-date=15 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823020524/http://www.eaba.co.uk/books/davis/chapter20.html |archive-date=23 August 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Rex Williams]] made the first maximum break in a competitive match against [[Manuel Francisco]], Professionals v. Amateurs, on 23 December 1965 in [[Cape Town]].<ref name="GS_147club" /><ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[The Times]] |date=24 December 1965 |page=3 |title=Williams achieves break of 147}}</ref>

[[John Spencer (snooker player)|John Spencer]] made the first maximum compiled in professional competition on 13 January 1979 at the Holsten Lager Tournament against [[Cliff Thorburn]], but it was not officially [[Ratification|ratified]] due to oversized pockets.<ref name="snooker.org_Records" /> The break was not caught on video as the television crew were away on a tea break.<ref name="GS_147club" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/onthisday/sport/story/28.html |title=A legend makes his first mark – The sporting events of January 13 down the years |work=[[ESPN]] |access-date=2 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122210925/http://www.espn.co.uk/onthisday/sport/story/28.html |archive-date=22 January 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The first official maximum break in professional competition was made by [[Steve Davis]] in the [[1982 Classic (snooker)|1982 Lada Classic]] against Spencer.<ref name="snooker.org_Records" /> This was also the first televised 147.<ref name="Guinness_WR_147" /> Thorburn became the first player to make a maximum break at the [[World Snooker Championship]].<ref name="Max 002" /> There have been 15 maximums made at the World Championship, by 11 players. Thorburn was followed by [[Jimmy White]],<ref name="Max 012" /> [[Stephen Hendry]] (three times),<ref name="Max 017" /><ref name="Max 068" /><ref name="Max 088" /> [[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] (three times),<ref name="Max 020" /><ref name="Max 046" /><ref name="Max 062" /> [[Mark Williams (snooker player)|Mark Williams]],<ref name="Max 051" /> [[Ali Carter]],<ref name="Max 063" /> [[John Higgins]],<ref name="Max 157" /> [[Neil Robertson]],<ref name="Max 176" /> [[Kyren Wilson]],<ref name="Max 188" /> [[Mark Selby]],<ref name="Max 189" /> and [[Mark Allen (snooker player)|Mark Allen]].<ref name="Max 217" />

In March 1989, Thorburn also became the first player to make two competitive maximum breaks. In November 1995 Hendry became the first player to make two televised maximum breaks.<ref name="CT_Archive_Max">{{cite web |last=Turner |first=Chris |url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Max.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130221010336/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Max.html |archive-date=21 February 2013 |title=Maximum Breaks |website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive |access-date=2 April 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="GS_MaxFiles">{{cite web |url=http://www.global-snooker.com/cuefacts-snooker-statistics-the-max-files.asp |title=Cuefacts – The 'Max' files |website=Global-Snooker.com |access-date=2 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124080225/http://www.global-snooker.com/cuefacts-snooker-statistics-the-max-files.asp |archive-date=24 November 2011 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> [[Mink Nutcharut]] made a 147 in a March 2019 practice match, believed to be the only maximum break achieved by a woman in any match.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wpbsa.com/mink-makes-maximum-break/ |title=Mink Makes maximum break |date=12 March 2019 |work=[[World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association|WPBSA]] |access-date=7 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407160354/https://www.wpbsa.com/mink-makes-maximum-break/ |archive-date=7 April 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Multiple maximums===
More than one official maximum break has been compiled in the same event on more than twenty occasions. The first tournament with more than one maximum break was the [[1992 Matchroom League]], in which [[John Parrott]] and Stephen Hendry each made a 147 break.<ref name="Max 013 & 014" /><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Maximums for Parrott and Hendry |magazine=[[Snooker Scene]] |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |date=June 1992|page=34}}</ref> The first time that two maximum breaks were made in the same [[Snooker world rankings|ranking]] tournament was at the [[1999 British Open (1998/1999)|1999 British Open]], where [[Jason Prince]] made one during qualifying and [[Graeme Dott]] at the main event.<ref name="Max 025 & 029" /> This was repeated at the [[2000 Scottish Open (snooker)|2000 Scottish Open]], with [[Stephen Maguire]] in qualifying and Ronnie O'Sullivan at the main event.<ref name="Max 037 & 038" /> The [[2008 World Snooker Championship]] was the first event where two maximum breaks (by O'Sullivan and Carter) were televised.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/7373388.stm |title=Carter hits historic Crucible 147 |work=[[BBC Sport]] |access-date=22 December 2011 |date=29 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811215603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/7373388.stm |archive-date=11 August 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> Two maximum breaks (by Neil Robertson and [[Noppon Saengkham]]) were also televised at the [[2019 Welsh Open (snooker)|2019 Welsh Open]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Centuries/CenturyBreaks/14039/manbetx-welsh-open-2019 |title=ManBetX Welsh Open 2019 – Centuries |work=[[World Snooker Tour]] |date=11 February 2019 |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190211051919/http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Centuries/CenturyBreaks/14039/manbetx-welsh-open-2019 |archive-date=11 February 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Three official maximums at the same WPBSA ([[World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association]]) event have been achieved four times. The first was at the [[2012 UK Championship]], when [[Andy Hicks]] and [[Jack Lisowski]] both compiled one each in qualifying and John Higgins compiled one in the televised stages.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.snooker.org/res/index.asp?event=198 |title=williamhill.com UK Championship (2012) |website=snooker.org |access-date=8 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726062636/http://www.snooker.org/res/index.asp?event=198 |archive-date=26 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> The second time was at the [[2017 German Masters]], where Ali Carter and [[Ross Muir]] both compiled one each during qualifying and [[Tom Ford (snooker player)|Tom Ford]] during the televised stages.<ref name="Max 128" /> The third time was at the [[2024 Championship League (invitational)|2024 Championship League]] by [[Kyren Wilson]] in Group 3,<ref name="Max 197" /> by John Higgins in Group 5,<ref name="Max 198" /> and by [[Joe O'Connor (snooker player)|Joe O'Connor]] in Group 7.<ref name="Max 200" /> The fourth time was at the [[2025 Championship League (invitational)|2025 Championship League]] by [[Jak Jones]] in Group 2,<ref name="Max 209" /> by [[David Gilbert (snooker player)|David Gilbert]] in Group 7,<ref name="Max 211" /> and by [[Mark Selby]] in the Winners' Group.<ref name="Max 212" />

[[Mark Davis (snooker player)|Mark Davis]] became the only player to make two official maximum breaks in professional competition at the same event when he compiled two 147s at the [[2017 Championship League]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk/higgins-takes-championship-league-in-double-ricoh-joy/ |title=Higgins takes Championship League in double Ricoh joy |work=Championship League Snooker |date=2 March 2017 |access-date=6 March 2017 |url-status=live |archive-date=6 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170306174046/http://www.championshipleaguesnooker.co.uk/higgins-takes-championship-league-in-double-ricoh-joy/}}</ref> The [[Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 12|2012 FFB Snooker Open]], 2017 German Masters and [[2018 Paul Hunter Classic]] are the only WPBSA events where two maximums were made on the same day.<ref name="Max 082 & 083" /><ref name="Max 125 & 126" /> Three maximum breaks were compiled on 8 February 1998 during the Buckley's Bitter Challenge, an unofficial event, by [[Matthew Stevens]], [[Ryan Day (snooker player)|Ryan Day]] and [[Tony Chappel]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/08022010/58/week-white-becomes-brown.html |last=Turner |first=Chris |title=On this Week: White becomes Brown |website=[[Yahoo!]] [[Eurosport]] |date=8 February 2010 |access-date=24 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100213233058/http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/08022010/58/week-white-becomes-brown.html}}</ref> There have been at least five non{{nbh}}tournament matches where more than one maximum was compiled. [[Peter Ebdon]] compiled two maximum breaks during an 11{{nbh}}frame exhibition match at Eastbourne Police Club on 15 April 1996. In 2003 he also compiled two consecutive maximum breaks against Steve Davis in an exhibition match.<ref name="snooker.org_Records" /><ref name="GS_147club" /> In 2009 Jimmy White and Ronnie O'Sullivan compiled consecutive maximum breaks at an exhibition match in Ireland.<ref name="Sp_Life_147s">{{cite web |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/how-many-147-breaks-in-snooker-have-been-made-and-who-made-them/35800 |title=How many 147 breaks in snooker have been made and who made them? |work=[[Sporting Life (British newspaper)|Sporting Life]] |first=Chris |last=Hammer |date=6 February 2025 |access-date=8 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250208132458/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/how-many-147-breaks-in-snooker-have-been-made-and-who-made-them/35800 |archive-date=8 February 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The only player known to compile more than two maximum breaks on a single occasion is [[Adrian Gunnell]], who compiled three maximums in four frames at a club in Telford in 2003 while practising against Ian Duffy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldsnooker.com/page/PlayersAlphabeticalArticle/0,,13165~2233743,00.html |title=Adrian Gunnell |date=30 November 2010 |work=[[World Snooker Tour]] |access-date=2 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511002422/http://www.worldsnooker.com/page/PlayersAlphabeticalArticle/0%2C%2C13165~2233743%2C00.html |archive-date=11 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Murphy grateful for Gunnell help |work=[[BBC Sport]] |date=27 November 2009 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/8381809.stm |access-date=27 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503010705/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/8381809.stm |archive-date=3 May 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> John Higgins and Ronnie O'Sullivan are the only players to record maximum breaks in consecutive ranking events. Higgins made one during his defeat by Mark Williams in the [[2003 LG Cup (snooker)|LG Cup]] final, and then one in his second round match at the [[2003 British Open]].<ref name="Max 047" /><ref name="Max 048" /> O'Sullivan made one at the [[2007 Northern Ireland Trophy|Northern Ireland Trophy]] and another at the [[2007 UK Championship|UK Championship]] in 2007.<ref name="Max 059" /><ref name="Max 060" />

In the third round of the qualifying stage for the [[2025 World Snooker Championship|2025 World Championship]], [[Jackson Page]] made two maximum breaks in his 10{{nbnd}}2 win over [[Allan Taylor (snooker player)|Allan Taylor]], with the first in the eighth frame on 13 April 2025, and the second in the 12th frame on 14 April 2025.<ref name="Max 215" /><ref name="Max 216" /> becoming the first player ever to make two maximums in the same match.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jackson Page hits second 147 in match to create snooker history |url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/snooker/2025/0414/1507617-page-hits-second-147-in-match-to-create-snooker-history/ |website=[[RTÉ Sport]] |date=14 April 2025 |access-date=14 April 2025 |archive-date=14 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250414162600/https://www.rte.ie/sport/snooker/2025/0414/1507617-page-hits-second-147-in-match-to-create-snooker-history/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Page makes history with second 147 in same match |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/snooker/articles/c86j0jj6nyvo |work=[[BBC Sport]] |date=14 April 2025 |access-date=14 April 2025 |archive-date=14 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250414161416/https://www.bbc.com/sport/snooker/articles/c86j0jj6nyvo |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Final frames and matches===
Hendry, Mark Williams, O'Sullivan (on six occasions), [[Barry Hawkins]], Matthew Stevens, Ding Junhui, Andy Hicks, [[Shaun Murphy]] (on three occasions), Ryan Day, John Higgins, Mark Davis (on two occasions), [[Martin Gould]], [[Luca Brecel]], [[Tom Ford (snooker player)|Tom Ford]] (on two occasions), and Marco Fu have all made [[#Match-winning maximum breaks|maximums to win matches]]. Only seven of these have come in final{{nbh}}frame deciders, however: Hendry's at the 1997 [[Champions Cup (snooker)|Charity Challenge]], O'Sullivan's at the 2007 UK Championship, both of Davis' at the 2017 Championship League, Gould's at the [[2018 Championship League]], Ford's at the [[2019 English Open (snooker)|2019 English Open]] and Fu's at the [[2022 Hong Kong Masters]].

Hendry, John Higgins, [[Stuart Bingham]], Ronnie O'Sullivan, Shaun Murphy, Neil Robertson, [[Judd Trump]], Mark Selby, and [[Zhang Anda]] have made maximums in finals of tournaments. Hendry has made three: the first at the 1997 Charity Challenge,<ref name="Max 019" /> the second at the 1999 [[British Open (snooker)|British Open]]<ref name="Max 030" /> and the third at the 2001 [[Malta Grand Prix]].<ref name="Max 042" /> Higgins has made two, at the 2003 LG Cup,<ref name="Max 047" /> and the second at the [[2012 Shanghai Masters]].<ref name="Max 091" /> Bingham at the [[2012 Wuxi Classic]],<ref name="Max 089" /> O'Sullivan in the final frame of the [[2014 Welsh Open (snooker)|2014 Welsh Open]],<ref name="Max 105" /> Murphy at the [[European Tour 2014/2015 – Event 4|2014 Ruhr Open]],<ref name="Max 108" /> Robertson at the [[2015 UK Championship]],<ref name="Max 115" /> Trump at the [[2022 Turkish Masters]]<ref name="Max 173" /> and the [[2022 Champion of Champions]]<ref name="Max 181" /> and Zhang at the [[2023 International Championship]].<ref name="Max 192" /> Selby made a maximum in the [[2023 World Snooker Championship]] final, becoming the first player to do so at that stage of the tournament.<ref name="Max 189" /> Selby's and Robertson's maximums are the only ones compiled in the finals of [[Triple Crown (snooker)|Triple Crown]] events.

===Fastest===
O'Sullivan's 147 break in the first{{nbh}}round match against [[Mick Price (snooker player)|Mick Price]] at the [[1997 World Snooker Championship|1997 World Championship]] set the record for the fastest maximum in the history of the game. For many years ''[[Guinness World Records]]'' recorded the time of the break at 5 minutes and 20 seconds.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/fastest-147-break-in-snooker/ |title=Fastest 147 break in snooker |work=[[Guinness World Records]] |access-date=25 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621100656/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/fastest-147-break-in-snooker/ |archive-date=21 June 2018 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> However an investigation undertaken by ''[[Deadspin]]'' in 2017 revealed that the time recorded by Guinness was incorrect because the timer was started too early on the BBC footage.<ref name="Deadspin_Tippett" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2016-2017/ronnie-osullivans-fastest-maximum-in-history-was-faster-than-official-time_sto6146498/story.shtml |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan's fastest maximum in history was faster than official time |date=28 April 2017 |website=[[Eurosport]] |access-date=25 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311021132/https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2016-2017/ronnie-osullivans-fastest-maximum-in-history-was-faster-than-official-time_sto6146498/story.shtml |archive-date=11 March 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Breaks are not officially timed in snooker and the official [[rules of snooker]] do not specify how they should be timed, instead leaving the timing to the discretion of the broadcaster. The only timing methodology [[World Snooker]] sanctions in its events is the one employed in shot clock events where timing for a player's shot begins when the balls have come to rest from his opponent's previous shot. Under this convention the break would have been timed at 5 minutes and 15 seconds. World Snooker has since suggested that a break starts when the player strikes the cueball for the first time in a break which would result in a time of 5 minutes and 8 seconds, and this is the time that both World Snooker and ''Guinness World Records'' now officially acknowledge.<ref name="Max 020" /><ref name="Guinness_fastest">{{cite web |title=Fastest 147 break in snooker |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/fastest-147-break-in-snooker/ |work=[[Guinness World Records]] |access-date=25 May 2024 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525062037/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/fastest-147-break-in-snooker/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Youngest and oldest===
The youngest player to have made an officially recognised maximum break in professional competition is [[Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon]], who compiled a 147 at the [[Euro Players Tour Championship 2010/2011 – Event 3|2010 Rhein{{nbnd}}Main Masters]] aged {{age in years and days|1993-12-14|2010-10-22|sep=and}}.<ref name="CT_Archive_Records">{{cite web |url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Records.html |title=Various snooker records |website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive |access-date=22 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128045831/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Records.html |archive-date=28 January 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Sean Maddocks]] is recognised by ''[[Guinness World Records]]'' as the youngest player to make a maximum break in any recognised competition. Maddocks was {{age in years and days|2002-04-10|2017-07-09|sep=and}} old when he achieved the feat at the LiteTask Pro{{nbh}}Am series in Leeds on 9 July 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/youngest-snooker-player-to-score-a-147-break |title=Youngest snooker player to score a 147 break |work=[[Guinness World Records]] |access-date=21 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621093709/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/youngest-snooker-player-to-score-a-147-break |archive-date=21 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wpbsa.com/maddocks-recognised-guinness-world-record-holder/ |title=Maddocks recognised as Guinness World Record holder |date=22 February 2018 |work=[[World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association|WPBSA]] |access-date=21 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621045341/https://www.wpbsa.com/maddocks-recognised-guinness-world-record-holder/ |archive-date=21 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Judd Trump is known to have made a 147 at the Potters Under{{nbh}}16 Tournament in 2004 at the age of {{age in years and days|1989-08-20|2004-03-13|sep=and}}; however, this break is not recognised by ''Guinness World Records''.<ref name="CT_Archive_Records" /> The youngest player to have made a televised maximum is Ding Junhui, who was aged {{age in years and days|1987-04-01|2007-01-14|sep=and}} when he achieved a 147 at the [[2007 Masters (snooker)|2007 Masters]].<ref name="Max 055" /><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/6260923.stm |title=Ding compiles maximum at Masters |work=[[BBC Sport]] |access-date=17 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323030220/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/6260923.stm |archive-date=23 March 2012 |date=14 January 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The oldest player to have made a maximum in professional competition is John Higgins, who did so in the [[2024 Championship League (invitational)|2024 Championship League]], aged {{age in years and days|1975-05-18|2024-02-10|sep=and}}.<ref name="Max 198" /> Former professional [[Darren Morgan]] made a maximum break in an amateur Seniors event in 2023 at the age of {{age in years and days|1966-05-03|2023-01-19|sep=and}}; this possibly makes him the oldest player to achieve a maximum break in competition.<ref>{{cite news |title=Darren Morgan finally hits a competitive 147 at the age of 56 |url=https://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/sport/23261895.darren-morgan-finally-hits-competitive-147-age-56/ |newspaper=[[South Wales Argus]] |date=19 January 2023 |access-date=13 February 2023 |archive-date=13 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213145730/https://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/sport/23261895.darren-morgan-finally-hits-competitive-147-age-56/ |url-status=live}}</ref>