Editing Medical classification (section)

==WHO Family of International Classifications==
The [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) maintains several internationally endorsed classifications designed to facilitate the comparison of health related data within and across populations and over time as well as the compilation of nationally consistent data.<ref name="WHO-FIC">{{cite web|website=World Health Organization|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|url=https://www.who.int/classifications/en/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041003044904/http://www.who.int/classifications/en/|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 3, 2004|title=Family of International Classifications|access-date=12 July 2011}}</ref> This "Family of International Classifications" (FIC) includes three main (or reference) classifications on basic parameters of [[health]] prepared by the organization and approved by the [[World Health Assembly]] for international use, as well as a number of derived and related classifications providing additional details. Some of these international standards have been revised and adapted by various countries for national use.

===Reference classifications===
*[[International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems]] (ICD)<ref>{{cite web|website=World Health Organization|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|url=https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/classification-of-diseases|title= International Classification of Diseases (ICD)}}</ref>
**[[ICD-10]] (International classification of diseases, 10th revision) – effective from 1 January 1993.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Anderson |first1=Robert |title=What We’ve Learned Thus Far: What Has Changed From ICD-10- to ICD-11? |url=https://ncvhs.hhs.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Presentation-Changes-from-ICD-10-to-ICD-11-Pickett-Anderson.pdf |access-date=28 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822053124/https://ncvhs.hhs.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Presentation-Changes-from-ICD-10-to-ICD-11-Pickett-Anderson.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2024}}</ref> Although Version:2019 was the last update, and ICD-11 is now available, the World Health Organization is still accepting data reported using ICD-10 from member states yet to make the switch to ICD-11.
**[[ICD-11]] (International classification of diseases, 11th revision) – available for reporting data to WHO since 1 January 2022<ref>{{Cite web|title=WHO {{!}} International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11)|url=https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/classification-of-diseases|access-date=2022-06-02|website=WHO}}</ref>
*[[International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health]] (ICF)
*[[International Classification of Health Interventions]] (ICHI)

=== Derived classifications ===
Derived classifications are based on the WHO reference classifications (i.e., ICD and ICF).<ref name="WHO-FIC"/> They include the following:

* ''[[International Classification of Diseases for Oncology]]'', Third Edition (ICD-O-3)
* ''The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders'' – This publication deals exclusively with Chapter {{rn|V}} of ICD-10,<ref name="bluegreen">{{cite web|title=ICD-10-CM Release for 2014 now available|url=http://dxrevisionwatch.com/2013/07/12/icd-10-cm-release-for-2014-now-available/|website=Dx Revision Watch|access-date=30 May 2015|date=2013-07-12}}</ref> and is available as two variants; 
**''Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines'',<ref>{{cite web|publisher=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/bluebook.pdf|title=The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders, Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines}}</ref> also known as the blue book.<ref name="bluegreen" />
**''Diagnostic criteria for research,''<ref>{{cite web|publisher=World Health Organization |url=https://www.who.int/entity/classifications/icd/en/GRNBOOK.pdf|title=The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders, Diagnostic criteria for research}}</ref> also known as the green book.<ref name="bluegreen" />
* ''Application of the International Classification of Diseases to Dentistry and Stomatology'', 3rd Edition (ICD-DA)<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0528.1979.tb01180.x |author=Bezroukov V |title=The application of the International Classification of Diseases to dentistry and stomatology |journal=Community Dent Oral Epidemiol |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=21–4 |date=February 1979 |pmid=282953 }}</ref>
* ''Application of the International Classification of Diseases to Neurology'' (ICD-10-NA)<ref name="pmid">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0022-510X(98)00217-2 |vauthors=van Drimmelen-Krabbe JJ, Bradley WG, Orgogozo JM, Sartorius N |title=The application of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases to neurology: ICD-10 NA |journal=J. Neurol. Sci. |volume=161 |issue=1 |pages=2–9 |date=November 1998 |pmid=9879674 |s2cid=12754467 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* [[EUROCAT (medicine)|EUROCAT]] is an extension of the ICD-10 Chapter {{rn|XVII}}, which covers [[congenital disorders]].

====National versions====
{{See also|ICD-10#National adoptions}}
Several countries have developed their own version of WHO-FIC publications, which go beyond a local language translation. Many of these are based on the ICD:
*[[ICD-9-CM]] was the US' adaptation of ICD-9 and was maintained for use until September 2015. Starting on October 1, 2015, the [[Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services]] (CMMS) granted physicians a one-year grace period to begin using [[ICD-10-CM]], or they would be denied Medicare Part B claims.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20160819/NEWS/160819913/get-ready-for-the-end-of-icd-10-flexibilities|title=Get ready for the end of ICD-10 'flexibilities'|newspaper=Modern Healthcare|access-date=2016-10-16}}</ref>
*[[ICD-10-CM]] was developed by the US' [[Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services]] (CMS) and the [[National Center for Health Statistics]] (NCHS), and has been in use in the US since October 2015{{snd}}replacing ICD-9-CM.<ref name=":0" />
*ICD-10-AM was published by Australia's National Centre for Classification in Health in 1998 and has since been adopted by a number of other countries.<ref name="ICD10Killewo">{{cite book |last1=Killewo |first1=Japhet |last2=Heggenhougen |first2=Kristian |last3=Quah |first3=Stella R. |title=Epidemiology and Demography in Public Health |date=2010 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=9780123822017 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=USRmqCiIaigC&pg=PA43 |access-date=3 December 2018 }}</ref>

=== Related classifications ===
Related classifications in the WHO-FIC are those that partially refer to the reference classifications, e.g., only at specific levels.<ref name="WHO-FIC"/> They include:

* [[International Classification of Primary Care]] (ICPC)<ref>{{cite web|publisher=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/other-classifications/international-classification-of-primary-care|title=ICPC-2}}</ref>
** [[ICPC-2 PLUS]]
* [[Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System]] with Defined Daily Doses (ATC/DDD)
* ''Assistive products — Classification and terminology'' (ISO{{nbsp}}9999:2022). WHO adopted ISO{{nbsp}}9999 as a related classification in 2003,<ref name="ISO9999">{{cite book |title=Assistive products for persons with disability. Classification and terminology |date=30 November 2016 |isbn=9780539089127 |url=https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9999:ed-7:v1:en |access-date=2 June 2022}}</ref> however, the [[International Organization for Standardization]] (ISO) remains responsible for maintaining ISO{{nbsp}}9999.
*''International Classification for Nursing Practice'' (ICNP)<ref>{{cite web|publisher=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/other-classifications/international-classification-for-nursing-practice|title=International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP)}}</ref>

===Historic FIC classifications===
ICD versions before ICD-9 are not in use anywhere.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-01|title=ICD - ICD-9 - International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd/icd9.htm|access-date=2020-11-04|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|language=en-us}}</ref> [[ICD-9]] was published in 1977, and superseded by ICD-10 in 1994. The last version of ICD-10 was published in 2019, and it was replaced by ICD-11 on 1 January 2022.<ref name=WHO-FIC_ICD11 /> {{As of|2022|02|post=,}} 35 of the 194 member states have made the transition to the latest version of the ICD.<ref>{{cite web |title=ICD-11 2022 release |url=https://www.who.int/news/item/11-02-2022-icd-11-2022-release |website=World Health Organization |access-date=2 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[International Classification of Procedures in Medicine]] (ICPM) is a [[Procedure code|procedural classification]] that has not updated since 1989, and will be replaced by [[International Classification of Health Interventions|ICHI]].<ref name=WHO-FIC-ICHI>{{cite web|title=International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI)|url=https://www.who.int/classifications/ichi/en/|website=World Health Organization|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|access-date=8 September 2015}}</ref> National adaptions of the ICPM includes [[OPS-301]], which is the official German procedural classification.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dimdi.de/static/en/klassi/ops/index.htm|title=OPS – German Procedure Classification|access-date=8 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151013190423/https://www.dimdi.de/static/en/klassi/ops/index.htm |archive-date=13 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[International Classification of External Causes of Injury]] (ICECI) was last updated in 2003 and, with the development [[ICD-11]], is no longer maintained.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/other-classifications/international-classification-of-external-causes-of-injury |title=ICECI}}</ref> The concepts of ICECI are represented within ICD-11 as extension codes.