Editing Medical model of disability (section)

=== Components and usage ===
[[File:One size fits all - how pathology tend to classify conditions.png|thumb|alt=Pathology tends to classify physiological or mental states to "Normal", "More", and "Less". This creates an illusion of one "Normal" size fits all. But there will be people who are outliers in this schema, and "their normal" isn't everyone's normal. Trying to bending back to the accepted normal may actually harm them, for example DSPD (Delayed sleep phase disorder). |Pathology tends to classify physiological or mental states to "Normal", "More", and "Less". This creates an illusion of one "Normal" size fits all. But there will be people who are outliers in this schema, and "their normal" isn't everyone's normal. Trying to bending back to the accepted normal may actually harm them, for example DSPD ([[Delayed sleep phase disorder]]). ]]

While [[personal narrative]] is present in [[Interpersonal communication|interpersonal interactions]], and particularly dominant in Western Culture, personal narrative during interactions with medical personnel is reduced to relaying information about specific symptoms of the disability to medical professionals.<ref name="FisherGoodley"/> The medical professionals then interpret the information provided about the disability by the patient to determine a diagnosis, which likely will be linked to biological causes.<ref name="FisherGoodley"/><ref name="Bury"/> Medical professionals now define what is "normal" and what is "abnormal" in terms of biology and disability.<ref name="Lawrence"/>

In some countries, the medical model of disability has influenced legislation and policy pertaining to persons with disabilities on a national level.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ayecBQAAQBAJ&q=medical+model+of+disability+china&pg=PA38|title=The Development of Disability Rights Under International Law: From Charity to Human Rights|last=Kanter|first=Arlene S.|date=2014-11-27|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134444663|author-link=Arlene S. Kanter|access-date=2020-11-01|archive-date=2023-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719162106/https://books.google.com/books?id=ayecBQAAQBAJ&q=medical+model+of+disability+china&pg=PA38|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nX-sDAAAQBAJ&q=confronting+discrimination+and+inequality+in+China|title=Confronting Discrimination and Inequality in China: Chinese and Canadian Perspectives|last1=Mendes|first1=Errol|last2=Srighanthan|first2=Sakunthala|date=2009-04-18|publisher=University of Ottawa Press|isbn=9780776617800|access-date=2020-11-01|archive-date=2023-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719162041/https://books.google.com/books?id=nX-sDAAAQBAJ&q=confronting+discrimination+and+inequality+in+China|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health]] (ICF), published in 2001, defines disability as an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. Disability is the interaction between individuals with a health condition (such as cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and depression) and personal and environmental factors (such as negative attitudes, inaccessible transportation and public buildings, and limited social supports).<ref>{{cite web|title=International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health|url=https://www.who.int/classifications/icf/en/|work=WHO|access-date=15 November 2011|archive-date=23 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423102739/https://www.who.int/classifications/icf/en/|url-status=live}}</ref> 

The altered language and words used show a marked change in emphasis from talking in terms of disease or impairment to talking in terms of levels of health and functioning. It takes into account the social aspects of disability and does not see disability only as a 'medical' or 'biological' dysfunction. That change is consistent with widespread acceptance of the [[social model of disability]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=dos Santos |first1=Adriana Neves |last2=Pavão |first2=Sílvia Leticia |last3=de Campos |first3=Ana Carolina |last4=Rocha |first4=Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira |title=International classification of functioning, disability and health in children with cerebral palsy |journal=Disability and Rehabilitation |date=1 June 2012 |volume=34 |issue=12 |pages=1053–1058 |doi=10.3109/09638288.2011.631678 |pmid=22107334 |s2cid=207500685 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/09638288.2011.631678 |access-date=7 May 2022 |issn=0963-8288 |archive-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421183446/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/09638288.2011.631678 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref>