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Mercerisation
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== Process == Treatment with sodium hydroxide destroys the spiral form of the cellulose with formation of [[alkali cellulose]], which is changed to [[cellulose hydrate]] on washing out the alkali. Caustic soda concentrations of 20β26% are used. Effective mercerization requires the use of [[wetting agent]]s.<ref>{{citation | contribution=Textile Auxiliaries | title=[[Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry]] | edition=7th | year=2007 | doi=10.1002/14356007.a26_227}}</ref> The improved lustre of mercerised cotton is due to the production of nearly circular cotton fibres under tension. Another characteristic feature is the untwisting (deconvolution) of the cotton hair. In dry mercerization, the process is carried out while drying the fabric on a [[stenter]].
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