Editing Montenegrin language (section)

===Yugoslav era===
The most significant changes in the Montenegrin literary language occurred during the phase marked by the influence of Serbian linguist [[Aleksandar Belić]], between the two World Wars. Montenegrin linguistic peculiarities, preserved in the literary style in the first two decades of the 20th century, were assimilated into the common "Serbo-Croatian" linguistic template in the new socio-historical framework. Although Belić's Orthography from 1923 formally allowed the use of [[ijekavian]], he emphasized in that edition and subsequent ones that [[jekavian]] jotization is a dialectal phenomenon. Consequently, Montenegrins were obligated to use atypical non-jotized forms such as "djed" (grandfather), "cjedilo" (strainer), "tjerati" (to drive), "sjesti" (to sit), and so on.<ref name="Faculty for Montenegrin Language and Literature" /><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.cpc.org.me/latinica/istorija/jezik/638-ukidanje-crnogorskog-jezika-radi-knjizevnog-jedinstva-1857/ |title=Ukidanje crnogorskog jezika radi književnog jedinstva (1857.) |publisher=Montenegrin Orthodox Church|date=1 January 2023|language=Montenegrin}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.antenam.net/istorija/305868-zapisnik-iz-1969-o-jeziku-crnogoraca-1 |title=Zapisnik iz 1969. o jeziku Crnogoraca|publisher=Antena M|date=19 November 2023|language=Montenegrin}}</ref>

In subsequent editions, Belić abolished the normative status of the so-called longer endings of pronominal-adjective declension (-ijem, -ijeh) and codified only the short endings. This led Vuk's language model to be gradually abandoned by his followers. Despite the formal acknowledgment of ijekavian in literary language, the interwar period in Montenegro was marked by an increasing use of [[ekavian]]. The introduction of ekavian was implemented through education, as textbooks and teaching staff predominantly followed ekavian norms. This is vividly illustrated by writings in the Montenegrin press of that time.<ref name="Faculty for Montenegrin Language and Literature" /><ref>{{cite journal|title=Indicating ideology: Variation in Montenegrin orthography|date=1 January 2023|doi=10.1016/j.langcom.2022.10.004 |last1=Tyran |first1=Katharina |journal=Language & Communication |volume=88 |pages=41–51 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

The contemporary stage in the development of the Montenegrin literary language encompasses the period after World War II, with the improvement of the country's status, the language's standing also improved. Although Montenegro did not gain the right to name its language with its own name, during this period, institutions promoting the Montenegrin language were substantively developed. Associations and organizations like the Montenegrin PEN Center, Matica crnogorska, Duklja Academy of Sciences and Arts, the Institute for Montenegrin Language and Linguistics, and the Montenegrin Society of Independent Writers played a crucial role in preserving Montenegrin values. The Declaration on the Constitutional Status of the Montenegrin Language by the Montenegrin PEN Center in 1997 was a significant document emphasizing the autonomy of the Montenegrin language. These efforts culminated in the new Montenegrin Constitution of 2007, where the Montenegrin language gained official status for the first time. The establishment of the Council for the Standardization of the Montenegrin Language in 2008 and the adoption of the Montenegrin Spelling Book in 2009 represent significant steps in the standardization and affirmation of the Montenegrin language.<ref name="Faculty for Montenegrin Language and Literature" />