Editing Monza Circuit (section)

=== Early history ===
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-01319, Italien, Monza, Autorennen.jpg|thumb|The starting grid of the "[[Coppa Fiera di Milano|1st Cup Fiera di Milano]]" race held in 1925.|alt=|left]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-01321, Italien, Monza, Autorennen.jpg|thumb|A race in 1925 with cars racing across the bridge.|alt=|left]]
[[File:Monza banking 2003.JPG|thumb|The Pista di Alta Velocità banking, 2003.|alt=|left]]

The first track was built from May to July 1922 by 3,500 workers, financed by the Milan Automobile Club<ref name=MonzaNet1922/> – which created the ''Società Incremento Automobilismo e Sport'' (SIAS) (English: ''Motoring and Sport Encouragement Company'') to run the track.<ref name=F1db/> The initial form was a {{convert|3.4|km2|2}} site with {{cvt|10.000|km|mi|abbr=on}} of [[macadam]]ised road – comprising a {{cvt|4.490|km|mi|abbr=on}} loop track, and a {{cvt|5.500|km|mi|abbr=on}} road track.{{clarify|reason=What is a "loop track" in contrast to a "road track"? Especially given both are stated to be a part of "10km of macadamised road".|date=November 2020}}<ref name=MonzaNet1922/><ref name=F1db/> The track was officially opened on 3 September 1922, with the maiden race the second Italian Grand Prix held on 10 September 1922. Monza's close proximity to Milan, the center of Italy's economy, the largest metropolitan area in Italy and one of Europe's leading major cities made Monza a particularly convenient location for racing and other events.<ref name=F1db>{{cite web |title=Autodromo Nazionale Monza – History |url=http://www.f1db.com/f1/page/Autodromo_Nazionale_di_Monza |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091002042349/http://www.f1db.com/f1/page/Autodromo_Nazionale_di_Monza |work=The Formula One DataBase |publisher=F1db.com |date=6 April 2005 |archive-date=2 October 2009 |access-date=17 September 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1928, the most serious Italian racing accident to date<ref name=MonzaNet1922/><ref name=Clarin/> ended in the death of driver [[Emilio Materassi]] and 27 spectators at [[1928 Italian Grand Prix|that year's Italian Grand Prix]].<ref name=MonzaNet1922/><ref name=Clarin/> The accident led to further Grand Prix races' confinement to the high-speed loop until 1932.<ref name=MonzaNet1929>{{cite web|title=1929–1939: In consequence of the Materassi's accident, races are run on the alternative tracks|url=http://www.monzanet.it/eng/storia_1929_39.aspx|work=Autodromo Nazionale Monza|publisher=MonzaNet.it|year=2007|access-date=17 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415212757/http://www.monzanet.it/eng/storia_1929_39.aspx|archive-date=15 April 2008}}</ref> For these reasons the Italian Grand Prix was not held again until 1931; in the meantime the 1930 [[Monza Grand Prix]] was held on the high speed ring only, while in 1930 [[Vincenzo Florio]] introduced the Florio Circuit. The [[1933 Italian Grand Prix]] was held on the original complete layout but it was marred by the deaths of three drivers ([[Giuseppe Campari]], [[Baconin Borzacchini]] and [[Stanisław Czaykowski]]) in the supporting Monza Grand Prix held on the same day - which became known as the "Black Day of Monza" - over the shorter oval circuit<ref name=F1db/><ref name=Monza33>{{cite web|url=http://forix.autosport.com/8w/monza33.html|title=8W – When? – 1933 Monza GP, ''"Black Sunday"''|publisher=Forix.autosport.com|date=May 2001|access-date=17 September 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Etzrodt|first=Hans|title=The Black Day of Monza. Campari, Borzacchini and Czaykowski crashed fatally.|url=http://www.kolumbus.fi/leif.snellman/gp3314.htm#64|website=The Golden Era of Grand Prix Racing|access-date=3 September 2020|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201659/http://www.kolumbus.fi/leif.snellman/gp3314.htm#64|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the Grand Prix layout was changed: in 1934 a short circuit with two lanes of the straight line joined by a hairpin, ''Curva Sud'' of the banking (with a double chicane) driven in the opposite direction than usual, the "Florio link" and the ''Curva Sud'' (with a small chicane). This configuration was considered too slow and in 1935 Florio Circuit was used again, this time with four temporary chicanes and another one permanent (along the ''Curva Sud'' of the banking). In 1938 only the last one was used.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kolumbus.fi/leif.snellman/t3.htm|title=TRACKS - ITALY|website=kolumbus.fi|access-date=29 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110316184531/http://www.kolumbus.fi/leif.snellman/t3.htm|archive-date=16 March 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

There was major rebuilding in 1938–39, constructing new stands and entrances, resurfacing the track, removing the high speed ring and adding two new bends on the southern part of the circuit.<ref name=F1db/><ref name=MonzaNet1929/> The resulting layout gave a Grand Prix lap of {{convert|6.300|km|mi|abbr=on}}, in use until 1954.<ref name=MonzaNet1940>{{cite web|title=1940–1954: After the war interruption, the activity starts again in 1948|url=http://www.monzanet.it/eng/storia_1940_54.aspx|work=Autodromo Nazionale Monza|publisher=MonzaNet.it|year=2007|access-date=17 September 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080415212801/http://www.monzanet.it/eng/storia_1940_54.aspx| archive-date = 15 April 2008}}</ref> The outbreak of World War II meant racing at the track was suspended until 1948<ref name=MonzaNet1940/> and parts of the circuit degraded due to the lack of maintenance and military use.<ref name=F1.comHistory/> Monza was renovated over a period of two months at the beginning of 1948<ref name=F1db/> and a Grand Prix was held on 17 October 1948.<ref name=MonzaNet1940/>