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N'Ko script
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==Current use== [[File:Online N'ko classroom via WhatsApp (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Smartphone]] with a NKo class via [[WhatsApp]]]] {{Anchor|Literary language}}As of 2005, it was used mainly in [[Guinea]] and the [[Ivory Coast]] (respectively by [[Maninka language|Maninka]] and [[Dyula language|Dyula]] speakers), with an active user community in [[Mali]] (by [[Bambara language|Bambara]] speakers). Publications include a translation of the [[Quran]], a variety of textbooks on subjects such as [[physics]] and [[geography]], poetic and philosophical works, descriptions of traditional medicine, a dictionary, and several local newspapers. Though taught mostly informally through NKo literacy promotion associations, NKo has also been introduced more recently into formal education through private primary schools in Upper Guinea.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wyrod|first=Christopher|date=January 2008|title=A social orthography of identity: the NKo literacy movement in West Africa|journal=International Journal of the Sociology of Language|issue=192|doi=10.1515/ijsl.2008.033|s2cid=143142019|issn=0165-2516}}</ref> It has been classed as the most successful of the West African scripts.<ref>Unseth, Peter. 2011. Invention of Scripts in West Africa for Ethnic Revitalization. In {{cite book|last1=Fishman|first1=Joshua|author-link1=Joshua Fishman|last2=Garcia|first2=Ofelia|author-link2=Ofelia García (educator)|title=Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity: The Success-Failure Continuum in Language and Ethnic Identity Efforts (Volume 2)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oUydX_3rG0AC|year=2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-983799-1}}</ref> NKo literature generally uses a [[literary language]] register, termed ''kangbe'' (literally, 'clear language'), that is seen as a potential [[compromise dialect]] across [[Manding languages|Mandé languages]].<ref>[http://www.fakoli.net/nko/tutorial/intro.html N'Ko Language Tutorial: Introduction]</ref> For example, the word for 'name' in Bamanan is ''tɔgɔ'' and in Maninka it is ''tɔɔ''. NKo has only one written word for 'name', but individuals read and pronounce the word in their own language. This literary register is thus intended as a [[koiné language]] blending elements of the principal [[Manding languages]], which are [[mutually intelligible]], but has a very strong Maninka influence. There has also been documented use of NKo, with additional diacritics, for traditional religious publications in the [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]] and [[Fon language|Fon]] languages of [[Benin]] and southwestern [[Nigeria]].<ref>{{cite web |author1=Agelogbagan Agbovi |title=Gànhúmehàn Vodún - Living Sacred Text (completely in Fongbe and N'ko) |url=http://www.restorationhealing.com/ganhumehan-vodun-book |website=Kilombo Restoration & Healing |publisher=Kilombo Restoration and Healing |language=en |access-date=2017-07-19 |archive-date=2020-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128041832/http://www.restorationhealing.com/ganhumehan-vodun-book |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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