Editing Nasdaq (section)

===1972–2000===
[[File:NASDAQ.svg|thumb|Former logo used from 1971 to 2014]]
Nasdaq, Inc. was founded in 1971 by the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD), which is now known as the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA).<ref name="history">{{Cite web |last=Terrell |first=Ellen |title=History of the American and Nasdaq Stock Exchanges |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/business/amex/amex.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414213410/http://www.loc.gov/rr/business/amex/amex.html |archive-date=April 14, 2013 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] }}</ref> "Nasdaq" (originally and still commonly spelled with all-capital letters as "NASDAQ") was initially an [[acronym]] for the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations.<ref>[http://www.nasdaq.com/help/helpfaq.stm Frequently Asked Questions. NASDAQ.com. NASDAQ, n.d. Web. December 23, 2001.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429200618/http://www.nasdaq.com/help/helpfaq.stm | date=April 29, 2010}}</ref> On February 8, 1971, the NASDAQ Stock Market commenced operations as the world's first fully electronic stock market.<ref name="history" /> Initially, NASDAQ served as a "quotation system" rather than a platform for electronic trading.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kennon |first=Joshua |date=March 26, 2019 |title=What Is the NASDAQ? |url=https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-the-nasdaq-356343 |website=[[Dotdash]] |access-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-date=March 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317134734/https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-the-nasdaq-356343 |url-status=live }}</ref> The first company to trade on NASDAQ was [[Intel Corporation]].

Since the launch of NASDAQ, many major companies trading on the [[Over-the-counter (finance)|over-the-counter]] (OTC) market began switching to NASDAQ. As late as 1987, the NASDAQ exchange was still commonly referred to as "OTC" in media reports<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gilpin |first=Kenneth N. |date=July 3, 1987 |title=Company News: An Erratic Quarter for Stock Markets |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/03/business/company-news-an-erratic-quarter-for-stock-markets.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801050610/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/03/business/company-news-an-erratic-quarter-for-stock-markets.html |archive-date=August 1, 2017 |issn=0362-4331 }}</ref> and also in the monthly Stock Guides (stock guides and procedures) issued by [[Standard & Poor's]] Corporation.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Salinger |first=Lawrence M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Vh2AwAAQBAJ&q=nasdaq+OTC+in+stock+guides+issued+by++standard+and+poor%27s+corporation&pg=PA638 |title=Encyclopedia of White-Collar and Corporate Crime |date=June 14, 2013 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=978-1-4522-7616-8 |language=en}}</ref> Over the years, it became more of a stock market with the addition of trade and volume reporting and automated trading systems. In 1981, NASDAQ traded 37% of the U.S. securities markets' total of 21&nbsp;billion shares. By 1991, NASDAQ's share had grown to 46%.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Widder |first=Pat |date=May 24, 1992 |title=NASDAQ Has Eye On Next 100 Years |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |url=https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1992-05-24-2855271-story.html |access-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-date=April 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220429130718/https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1992-05-24-2855271-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1992, the NASDAQ Stock Market joined with the [[London Stock Exchange]] to form the first intercontinental linkage of [[capital market]]s.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Odekon |first=Mehmet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8O9nBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT1267 |title=Booms and Busts: ''An Encyclopedia of Economic History'' from the First Stock Market Crash of 1792 to the Current Global Economic Crisis: An Encyclopedia of Economic History from the First Stock Market Crash of 1792 to the Current Global Economic Crisis |date=March 17, 2015 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=9781317475750 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803133123/https://books.google.com/books?id=8O9nBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT1267&lpg=PT1267&dq=Nasdaq+Stock+Market+the+london+Stock+exchange+1992#v=onepage&q=Nasdaq%20Stock%20Market%20the%20london%20Stock%20exchange%201992&f=false |archive-date=August 3, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1996, the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission|SEC]] issued a report alleging that NASDAQ market makers [[Price fixing|fixed prices]] by avoiding "odd-eighths" quotes (at the time, stock prices were quoted in increments of an eighth of a dollar) to artificially widen spreads. The report was followed by a new set of rules for how NASDAQ handled orders.<ref>{{cite book |title = Dark Pools: High-Speed Traders, A.I. Bandits, and the Threat to the Global Financial System |last = Patterson |first = Scott |year = 2012 |publisher = Crown Publishing |isbn = 978-0307887177}}</ref>{{rp|102, 126}}

In 1998, it became the first stock market in the [[United States]] to trade online, using the slogan "the stock market for the next hundred years".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Feb 8, 1971 CE: 'Stock Market for the Next 100 Years' Opens |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/feb8/stock-market-next-100-years-opens/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160719000823/http://nationalgeographic.org/thisday/feb8/stock-market-next-100-years-opens/ |archive-date=July 19, 2016 |access-date=September 16, 2019 |publisher=[[National Geographic]]}}</ref> The NASDAQ Stock Market attracted many companies during the [[dot-com bubble]].

The exchange's main index is the [[NASDAQ Composite]], which has been published since its inception. The QQQ [[exchange-traded fund]] tracks the large-cap [[NASDAQ-100]] index, which was introduced in 1985 alongside the [[NASDAQ Financial-100]] Index, which tracks the largest 100 companies in terms of [[market capitalization]].