Editing New class (section)

=== Similarity to other analyses ===
{{More citations needed section|date=June 2023}}
[[Mikhail Bakunin]] had made a point in his [[International Workingmen's Association]] debates with Marx in the mid-to-late 19th century of bureaucrats becoming a new oppressive class in socialist states. This idea was repeated after the Russian revolution by anarchists like [[Peter Kropotkin]] and [[Nestor Makhno]], as well as some Marxists. In 1911, [[Robert Michels]] first proposed the [[Iron law of oligarchy]], which described the development of bureaucratic hierarchies in supposedly egalitarian and democratic [[socialist]] parties.<ref>{{cite book |first=James L. |last=Hyland |title=Democratic theory: the philosophical foundations |location=Manchester, England, UK; New York, New York, USA |publisher=[[Manchester University Press]] |date=1995 |page=247}}</ref> It was later repeated by a leader of the Russian Revolution, [[Leon Trotsky]] through his theory of [[degenerated workers state]]. [[Mao Zedong]] also had his own version of this idea developed during the [[Socialist Education Movement]] to criticize the [[Chinese Communist Party]] under [[Liu Shaoqi]]. This wide range of people over the decades had different perspectives on the matter, but there was also a degree of core agreement on this idea.{{cn|date=July 2023}}

Đilas' ''New Class'' has also been likened to the [[professional–managerial class]] seen in advanced capitalist societies.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Szymanski |first1=Al |date=1979 |chapter=A Critique and Extension of the PMC |title=Between Labour and Capital |editor-first=Pat |editor-last=Walker |pages=49–66 |location=Boston |publisher=South End Press |isbn=0-89608-038-2}}</ref> In fact, originating with [[James Burnham]]'s famous discussion thereof,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Burnham |first=James |title=The Managerial Revolution: What is Happening in the World. |publisher=John Day Co. |year=1941 |location=New York}}</ref> there is a whole tradition that posits a purportedly very troublesome convergence between especially the Chinese and Western political order along such lines.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lyons |first=N. S. |date=3 August 2023 |title=The China Convergence |url=https://theupheaval.substack.com/p/the-china-convergence |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=The Upheaval}}</ref>