Editing Nicholas Metropolis (section)

==After World War II==
After [[World War II]], he returned to the faculty of the University of Chicago as an assistant professor. He came back to Los Alamos in 1948 to lead the group in the theoretical division that designed and built the [[MANIAC I]] computer in 1952 that was modeled on the [[IAS machine]], and the [[MANIAC II]] in 1957. ([[John von Neumann]] thought this acronym too frivolous;<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/Q9JZ-3ThsjA Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20180927163256/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9JZ-3ThsjA Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=48&v=Q9JZ-3ThsjA| title = MANIAC | website=[[YouTube]]| date = 30 October 2017 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> Metropolis claims to have chosen the name "MANIAC" in the hope of stopping the rash of such acronyms for machine names, but may have instead further stimulated such use.)<ref name=obit>{{cite journal|title=Obituary: Nicholas Constantine Metropolis|author1=Balazs, N. L. |author2-link=John C. Browne |author2=Browne, J. C. |author3=Louck, J. D. |author4=Strottman, D. S. |journal=Physics Today|date=October 2000|volume=53|issue=10|pages=100–101|doi=10.1063/1.1325208|bibcode = 2000PhT....53j.100B|author1-link=Nandor Balazs |doi-access=free}}</ref> From 1957 to 1965 he was a full professor of physics at the University of Chicago and was the founding director of its [[Institute for Computer Research]]. In 1965 he returned to Los Alamos, where he was made a laboratory senior fellow in 1980.

<gallery mode=packed heights=180px>
File:Metropolis-nicholas.jpg|left|Metropolis's wartime [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] badge photo.
File:MANIAC Metropolis and Richardson.jpg|MANIAC project leader Nicholas Metropolis (standing) and the MANIAC’s chief engineer Jim Richardson in 1953.
File:Paul Stein and Nicholas Metropolis play “Los Alamos” chess against the MANIAC.jpg|Paul Stein and Nicholas Metropolis play [[Los Alamos chess]] against the MANIAC, a simplified version of the game without bishops. The computer still needed about 20 minutes between moves.
</gallery>