Editing Nora Barnacle (section)

==Relationship with Joyce==
[[File:The Joyces, 1924.jpg|thumb|200px|Paris 1924: Clockwise from top left – James Joyce, Giorgio Joyce, Nora Barnacle, [[Lucia Joyce]]]]
Barnacle met Joyce on 10 June 1904 while in Dublin and they had their [[First date|first romantic liaison]] on 16 June. Joyce later chose 16 June 1904 as the date for the setting for his novel ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]'' and the date has come to be known and celebrated around the world as [[Bloomsday]]. The 1904 rendezvous began a long relationship that eventually led to marriage in 1931<ref>{{cite news | title=James (Augustine Aloysius) Joyce Biography (1882–1941) | url=https://www.biography.com/people/james-joyce-9358676 | access-date=8 June 2017 | archive-date=15 May 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515083006/http://www.biography.com/people/james-joyce-9358676 | url-status=live }}</ref> and continued until Joyce's death.

Barnacle's and Joyce's relationship was complex. They had different personalities, tastes and cultural interests. Of their first meeting, she recalled: "I mistook him for a Swedish sailor – His electric blue eyes, yachting cap and [[Plimsoll shoe|plimsolls]]. But when he spoke, well then, I knew him at once for just another Dublin [[jackeen]] chatting up a country girl."<ref>{{Cite book|title=Introducing Joyce: a graphic guide|last1=Norris |first1=David |last2=Flint |first2=Carl |publisher=Icon Books Ltd|year=1994|isbn=978-184831-351-4|location=London|pages=46}}</ref> The numerous erotic letters they exchanged suggest they loved each other passionately.<ref name="Maddox - Guardian 2004">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/jul/09/books.booksnews|title=Ah yes – but what ever happened to Nora's side of the correspondence?|last=Maddox|first=Brenda|date=8 July 2004|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=31 May 2013|archive-date=20 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131120131330/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/jul/09/books.booksnews|url-status=live}}</ref> These are also of interest because of Joyce's lifelong dislike of swearing and crude language.<ref name="bbc-2004-07-08">{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3877209.stm |title=Joyce letter smashes sale record |date= 8 July 2004 |website=[[BBC News]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829062700/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3877209.stm |archive-date=29 August 2017 }} 8 July 2004, ''bbc.co.uk'', Accessed 16 June 2019</ref> Joyce seems to have admired and trusted her, and Barnacle clearly loved Joyce and trusted him enough to agree to leave Ireland with him for the Continent. In anticipation of the move to Paris, she began studying French.

In 1904, Barnacle and Joyce left Ireland for continental Europe and the following year set up house in [[Trieste]] (at that time in [[Austria-Hungary]]). On 27 June 1905, Nora Barnacle gave birth to a son, Giorgio and later to a daughter, [[Lucia Joyce|Lucia]], on 26 July 1907. A miscarriage in 1908 coincided with the beginning of a difficult time for both. Though she remained by his side, and the couple were legally married in London in 1931, she complained to her sister both about his personal qualities and his writings.

In these letters to her sister, she said he drank too much and wasted too much money. As for his literary activity, she lamented that his writings were obscure and lacking in sense. She was always fiercely proud of him, although she occasionally expressed impatience at his meetings with other artists and admitted she would have preferred him to have been a musician—in his youth, he was a talented singer—rather than a writer.

Lucia's mental illness, which became acute in the early 1930s, posed another challenge to the couple's relationship. Nora believed the condition required hospitalisation, which Joyce opposed. They brought in many specialists, and Lucia was for a time the patient of [[Carl Jung]]. She was diagnosed with [[schizophrenia]] and admitted to a clinic in 1936. Her father visited her there often, but not her mother. As Nora's biographer Brenda Maddox recorded, "Lucia was rarely out of Nora's mind. Because she had aroused Lucia's most florid schizophrenic reactions, Nora was not allowed to accompany Joyce on his ritual Sunday afternoon visits to Ivry. Not only did this exclude her from any contact with her daughter, it also required her to spend much of each week arranging for someone to accompany Joyce, who could not easily go alone&nbsp;... Joyce liked to portray himself as safe from Lucia's violence as if he was the only other permitted inhabitant of her private world. Yet once when Giorgio went with his father, Lucia saw them and cried, 'Che bello! Che bello!' then lunged and tried to strangle them." As Maddox also noted, "There is no record that Nora ever saw her daughter again."{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}}