Editing Nucleus RTOS (section)

== History ==
Nucleus 1.x was released first in 1993 by Accelerated Technology (ATI) as Nucleus PLUS. It soon became one of the most commonly used RTOSs in the embedded market. Following its early success there, ATI added support for [[Computer network|networking]], [[Computer graphics|graphics]], and [[file system]]s, which accelerated adoption.

Mentor Graphics [[Takeover|acquired]] ATI in March 2002, which was soon followed by the second generation of Nucleus RTOS. Version 2.x was released in 2003, improving its portability across different architectures and tool sets. New components like [[IPv6]], [[Flash memory]] file system and Universal Serial Bus ([[USB]]) 2.0 were added. Mentor replaced the legacy Codelab debugger with EDGE development tools which included [[compiler]] tools, [[debugger]], simulator, and [[Profiling (computer programming)|profiler]].

Mentor Graphics introduced the 3rd generation Nucleus in 2010. Version 3.x was intended for both high-end [[microprocessor]] units (MPUs), [[microcontroller]] units (MCUs), [[digital signal processor]]s (DSPs), and [[field-programmable gate array]]s (FPGAs). For devices with limited memory resources, Nucleus was designed to scale down to a memory size of <10 [[kilobyte]]s (KBs) for both code and data.

Nucleus 3.x introduced support for [[symmetric multiprocessing]] (SMP) and [[asymmetric multiprocessing]] (AMP) both unsupervised uAMP and supervised sAMP (using Mentor Embedded [[Hypervisor]]). Other additions in Nucleus 3.x:
* Integrated power management support for [[Kernel (operating system)|kernel]] and [[middleware]] components; includes support for DVFS, tick suppression, and sleep modes including [[Hibernation (computing)|hibernation]].
* Process model for memory partitioning to support dynamic loading and unloading of application modules. Loadable processes are supported on both high end MPUs and low end MCUs with or without hardware memory management support.
* Wireless support
* IoT protocols
* Safety certification for aerospace, medical, industrial and automotive
* Support for ARM [[TrustZone]]
* Mentor embedded multi-core framework for IPC and processor life cycle management for AMP designs (both supervised sAMP and unsupervised uAMP)
* [[Runtime (program lifecycle phase)|Runtime]] tracing support with host side analysis tools

In addition to the new features in version 3.x, Nucleus moved [[business model]] from ''a la carte'', to one unified package.

Mentor acquired CodeSourcery in Dec 2010 to replace the EDGE development tools with the Sourcery [https://www.mentor.com/embedded-software/sourcery-tools/sourcery-codebench/overview CodeBench]. Sourcery CodeBench comprises a compiler tool-chain, debugger, and trace analysis tools. The compiler tool-chain is based on GNU tool-chain. The debugger and [[integrated development environment]] (IDE) are based on [[Eclipse (software)|Eclipse]]. Sourcery CodeBench supports ARM, [[IA-32]], MIPS, and PPC architectures with built-in workflows and OS awareness for Nucleus RTOS and Mentor Embedded Linux.

Nucleus 3.x introduced a unified build and configuration system with which the Kernel is configured through a single file and builds as a single library. Like [[menuconfig]] in Linux, a [[user interface]] (UI) based configuration tool integrated with CodeBench provides the user with graphically selectable components to customize the kernel at build time. The Nucleus configuration system allows for user customization to integrate new tool-chains, architecture support and build properties.