Editing Objective idealism (section)

== Charles Peirce ==
{{further|Charles Sanders Peirce#Philosophy}}

The [[philosophy|philosopher]] [[Charles Sanders Peirce]] defined his own version of objective idealism as follows:

<blockquote>The one intelligible theory of the universe is that of objective idealism, that matter is effete mind, inveterate habits becoming physical laws (Peirce, CP 6.25).
</blockquote>By "objective idealism", Peirce meant that material objects such as organisms have evolved out of mind, that is, out of feelings ("such as pain, blue, cheerfulness") that are immediately present to consciousness.{{Sfn|Short|2022|p=138}} Contrary to Hegel, who identified mind with conceptual thinking or reason, Peirce identified it with feeling, and he claimed that at the origins of the world there was "a chaos of unpersonalized feelings", i.e., feelings that were not located in any individual subject.{{Sfn|Short|2022|p=138}} Therefore, in the 1890s Peirce's philosophy referred to itself as objective idealism because it held that the mind comes first and the world is essentially mind (idealism) and the mind is independent of individuals (objectivism).{{Sfn|Short|2022|p=138}}