Editing Pacific DC Intertie (section)

==Components==

The Pacific Intertie consists of:<ref>{{cite web
  | url = http://www.transmission.bpa.gov/cigresc14/Compendium/PACIFIC.htm
  | title = The Pacific Intertie Scheme
  | publisher = [[Bonneville Power Administration]]
  | date = 2000-11-03
  | access-date = 2009-08-20
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050426045806/http://www.transmission.bpa.gov/cigresc14/Compendium/PACIFIC.htm |archive-date = 2005-04-26}}</ref>
* The [[Celilo Converter Station]] which converts three phase 60&nbsp;Hz [[alternating current|AC]] at 230 to 500 [[kilovolt|kV]] to ±500 kV [[direct current|DC]] (1000 kV pole-to-pole) at {{coord|45|35|39|N|121|6|51|W|type:landmark_region:US-OR|display=inline,title|name=Celilo Converter Station - Pacific DC Intertie (north end)}}.
** The grounding system at Celilo consists of 1,067 cast iron anodes buried in a {{convert|2|ft|cm|-1|adj=on|spell=in}} trench of [[petroleum coke]], which behaves as an electrode, arranged in a ring of {{convert|3255|m|mi|1|order=flip}} circumference at Rice Flats (near [[Rice, Oregon]]), which is {{convert|10.6|km|mi|order=flip}} SSE of Celilo.  It is connected to the converter station by two aerial {{convert|644|mm2|in2|abbr=on}} [[ACSR]] (aluminum conductor, steel reinforced) conductors, which end at a "dead-end" tower situated at {{coord|45.497586|-121.064620|type:landmark_region:US-OR|name=End of electrode line|format=dms}}.
* A {{convert|1361|km|mi|adj=on|order=flip}} overhead transmission line consisting of two steel-cored ACSR conductors, each {{convert|1.6|in|cm}} in diameter with a conducting cross-sectional area of {{convert|1171|mm2|in2|abbr=on}}, carrying 500&nbsp;kV.
** The two lines when combined have a capacity of 3.1 [[gigawatt]]s (in bipolar mode).
* The [[Sylmar Converter Station]] ({{coord|34|18|42|N|118|28|53|W|type:landmark_region:US-CA|name=Sylmar Converter Station - Pacific DC Intertie (south end)}}) which converts DC to 230 kV AC (a process also called [[Inverter (electrical)|inverting]]) and is phase-synchronized with the L.A. power grid.
** The Sylmar grounding system is a line of 24 silicon-iron alloy electrodes submerged in the [[Pacific Ocean]] at [[Will Rogers State Beach]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://placesjournal.org/article/the-infrastructural-city/|title=Review of The Infrastructural City, edited by Kazys Varnelis |publisher=Places Journal}}</ref> suspended in concrete enclosures about {{convert|0.5|to|1|m|ft|0|sp=us|order=flip}} above the ocean floor.  The grounding array, which is {{convert|48|km|mi|0|order=flip}} from the converter station and is connected by a pair of {{convert|644|mm2|in2|abbr=on}} ACSR conductors, which are in the sections north of Kenter Canyon Terminal Tower at {{coord|34|04|04.99|N|118|29|18.5|W|type:landmark|name=Southern California Edison Malibu Substation, Pacific DC Intertie - End of overhead electrode line}} installed instead of the ground conductors on the pylons. It runs from Kenter Canyon Terminal Tower, via DWP Receiving Station U (Tarzana; a former switching station), Receiving Station J (Northridge) and Rinaldi Receiving Station (also a former switching station) to [[Sylmar Converter Station]]. On the section between Receiving Stations J and Rinaldi, one of the two shielding conductors on each of two parallel-running 230 kV transmission lines is used as electrode line conductor.