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Paradoxical reaction
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===Amphetamines=== [[Amphetamine]]s are a class of [[psychoactive drug]]s that are [[stimulant]]s. Paradoxical drowsiness can sometimes occur in adults.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Tecce JJ, Cole JO | title = Amphetamine effects in man: paradoxical drowsiness and lowered electrical brain activity (CNV) | journal = Science | volume = 185 | issue = 4149 | pages = 451β3 | date = August 1974 | pmid = 4841149 | doi = 10.1126/science.185.4149.451 | bibcode = 1974Sci...185..451T | s2cid = 26068007 }}</ref> Research from the 1980s popularized the belief that ADHD stimulants such as amphetamine have a calming effect in individuals with ADHD, but opposite effects in the general population.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Segal |first1=D. S. |last2=Kuczenski |first2=R. |date=1987-09-01 |title=Individual differences in responsiveness to single and repeated amphetamine administration: behavioral characteristics and neurochemical correlates. |url=https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/242/3/917 |journal=Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |language=en |volume=242 |issue=3 |pages=917β926 |issn=0022-3565 |pmid=3656119}}</ref> Research in the early 2000s, however, disputes this claim, suggesting that ADHD stimulants have similar effects in adults with and without ADHD.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arnsten |first=Amy F. T. |date=November 2006 |title=Stimulants: Therapeutic Actions in ADHD |journal=Neuropsychopharmacology |language=en |volume=31 |issue=11 |pages=2376β2383 |doi=10.1038/sj.npp.1301164 |pmid=16855530 |s2cid=36283770 |issn=1740-634X|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rapoport |first1=J. L. |last2=Inoff-Germain |first2=G. |date=April 2002 |title=Responses to methylphenidate in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and normal children: Update 2002 |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/070674370200601S07 |journal=Journal of Attention Disorders |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1_suppl |pages=57β60 |doi=10.1177/070674370200601S07 |pmid=12685519 |s2cid=24320882 |issn=1087-0547|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
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