Editing Polyketide (section)

== Discovery ==
Polyketides can be produced in bacteria, fungi, plants, and certain marine organisms.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lane AL, Moore BS |title=A sea of biosynthesis: marine natural products meet the molecular age |journal=Natural Product Reports |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=411–428 |date=February 2011 |pmid=21170424 |doi=10.1039/C0NP90032J |pmc=3101795}}</ref> Earlier discovery of naturally occurring polyketides involved the isolation of the compounds being produced by the specific organism using organic chemistry purification methods based on [[Biological activity|bioactivity screens]].<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors=Johnston C, Ibrahim A, Magarvey N |date=2012-08-01|title=Informatic strategies for the discovery of polyketides and nonribosomal peptides|journal=MedChemComm|language=en|volume=3|issue=8 |pages=932–937|doi=10.1039/C2MD20120H|issn=2040-2511}}</ref> Later technology allowed for the isolation of the genes and [[heterologous expression]] of the genes to understand the biosynthesis.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pfeifer BA, Khosla C |title=Biosynthesis of polyketides in heterologous hosts |journal=Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=106–118 |date=March 2001 |pmid=11238987 |pmc=99020 |doi=10.1128/MMBR.65.1.106-118.2001}}</ref> In addition, further advancements in biotechnology have allowed for the use of [[metagenomics]] and [[genome mining]] to find new polyketides using similar enzymes to known polyketides.<ref name=":2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gomes ES, Schuch V, de Macedo Lemos EG |title=Biotechnology of polyketides: new breath of life for the novel antibiotic genetic pathways discovery through metagenomics |journal=Brazilian Journal of Microbiology |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=1007–1034 |date=December 2013 |pmid=24688489 |pmc=3958165 |doi=10.1590/s1517-83822013000400002}}</ref>