Editing Polynya (section)

===Antarctic bottom water===
[[Antarctic bottom water]] (AABW) is the dense water with high salinity that exists in the abyssal layer of the [[Southern Ocean]]. It plays a major role in the global overturning circulation.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Johnson|first=Gregory C.|date=2008-05-01|title=Quantifying Antarctic Bottom Water and North Atlantic Deep Water volumes|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans|language=en|volume=113|issue=C5|pages=C05027|doi=10.1029/2007jc004477|issn=2156-2202|bibcode=2008JGRC..113.5027J|doi-access=free}}</ref> Coastal polynyas (latent heat polynyas) are a source of AABW as brine rejection during the formation of sea ice at these polynyas increases the salinity of the seawater, which then sinks down to the ocean bottom as AABW.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tamura|first1=Takeshi|last2=Ohshima|first2=Kay I.|last3=Nihashi|first3=Sohey|date=2008-04-01|title=Mapping of sea ice production for Antarctic coastal polynyas|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|language=en|volume=35|issue=7|pages=L07606|doi=10.1029/2007gl032903|issn=1944-8007|bibcode=2008GeoRL..35.7606T|s2cid=128716199 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ohshima|first1=Kay I.|last2=Fukamachi|first2=Yasushi|last3=Williams|first3=Guy D.|last4=Nihashi|first4=Sohey|last5=Roquet|first5=Fabien|last6=Kitade|first6=Yujiro|last7=Tamura|first7=Takeshi|last8=Hirano|first8=Daisuke|last9=Herraiz-Borreguero|first9=Laura|title=Antarctic Bottom Water production by intense sea-ice formation in the Cape Darnley polynya|journal=Nature Geoscience|volume=6|issue=3|pages=235–240|doi=10.1038/ngeo1738|bibcode=2013NatGe...6..235O|year=2013}}</ref> Antarctic polynyas form when ice masses diverge from the coast and move away in the direction of the wind, creating an exposed area of sea water which subsequently freezes over, with brine rejection, to form another mass of ice.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ohshima|first1=Kay I.|last2=Fukamachi|first2=Yasushi|last3=Williams|first3=Guy D.|last4=Nihashi|first4=Sohey|last5=Roquet|first5=Fabien|last6=Kitade|first6=Yujiro|last7=Tamura|first7=Takeshi|last8=Hirano|first8=Daisuke|last9=Herraiz-Borreguero|first9=Laura|title=Antarctic Bottom Water production by intense sea-ice formation in the Cape Darnley polynya|journal=Nature Geoscience|volume=6|issue=3|pages=235–240|doi=10.1038/ngeo1738|bibcode=2013NatGe...6..235O|year=2013}}</ref>