Editing Polyphaga (section)

==Classification==
The five main infraorders are:

* [[Bostrichiformia]] — including [[furniture beetle]]s and [[skin beetle]]s
* [[Cucujiformia]] — includes [[lady beetle]]s, [[longhorn beetle]]s, [[weevil]]s, [[checkered beetle]]s and [[leaf beetle]]s
* [[Elateriformia]] — includes [[click beetle]]s and [[firefly|fireflies]]
* [[Scarabaeiformia]] — includes [[Scarabaeidae|scarab beetle]]s, [[stag beetle]]s, and [[dung beetles]]
* [[Staphyliniformia]] — includes [[rove beetle]]s and [[Hydrophilidae|water scavenger beetles]]
Phylogenetic studies have also suggested that Scirtoidea ([[Scirtidae]], [[Decliniidae]]), Clamboidea ([[Clambidae]], [[Derodontidae]], [[Eucinetidae]]), ''[[Rhinorhipus]]'' and [[Nosodendridae]] are independent lineages of Polyphaga that lie outside these groups.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cai |first1=Chenyang |last2=Tihelka |first2=Erik |last3=Giacomelli |first3=Mattia |last4=Lawrence |first4=John F. |last5=Ślipiński |first5=Adam |last6=Kundrata |first6=Robin |last7=Yamamoto |first7=Shûhei |last8=Thayer |first8=Margaret K. |last9=Newton |first9=Alfred F. |last10=Leschen |first10=Richard A. B. |last11=Gimmel |first11=Matthew L. |last12=Lü |first12=Liang |last13=Engel |first13=Michael S. |last14=Bouchard |first14=Patrice |last15=Huang |first15=Diying |date=March 2022 |title=Integrated phylogenomics and fossil data illuminate the evolution of beetles |journal=Royal Society Open Science |language=en |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=211771 |doi=10.1098/rsos.211771 |issn=2054-5703 |pmc=8941382 |pmid=35345430|bibcode=2022RSOS....911771C }}</ref>

The internal classification of Polyphaga involves several superfamilies or series, whose constituents are relatively stable, although some smaller families (whose rank even is disputed) are allocated to different clades by different authors. Large superfamilies include [[Hydrophiloidea]], [[Staphylinoidea]], [[Scarabaeoidea]], [[Buprestoidea]], [[Byrrhoidea]], [[Elateroidea]], and [[Bostrichoidea]].

The infraorder [[Cucujiformia]] includes the vast majority of [[phytophagous]] (plant-eating) beetles, united by cryptonephric [[Malpighian tubule]]s of the normal type, a cone [[ommatidium]] with open [[rhabdom]], and lack of functional [[Spiracle (arthropods)|spiracle]]s on the eighth abdominal segment. Constituent superfamilies of Cucujiformia are [[Cleroidea]], [[Cucujoidea]], [[Tenebrionoidea]], [[Chrysomeloidea]], and [[Curculionoidea]]. Evidently adoption of a phytophagous lifestyle correlates with taxon diversity in beetles, with Cucujiformia, especially [[weevil]]s ([[Curculionoidea]]), forming a major radiation.