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Popular Unity (Chile)
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== Allende's administration == [[File:Salvador Allende Gossens-.jpg|alt=|thumb|President [[Salvador Allende]]]] Salvador Allende's election in [[1970 Chilean presidential election|1970]] represented several important developments internationally and domestically. He was the first democratically elected socialist leader in Latin America. In contrast with [[Fidel Castro]]'s armed people's revolution, Allende proposed a peaceful and legal transition to socialism respecting the constitutional order. Popular Unity had the support of the plurality of Chileans, and initially this support continued to grow. Allende was elected with 36% of the popular vote in 1970. Five months into his presidency, his approval rating had grown to 49%.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last1=Harnecker |first1=Marta |title=Understanding the Past to Make the Future: Reflections on Allende's Government |journal=Historical Materialism |date=1 January 2003 |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=5–15 |doi=10.1163/156920603770678292 }}</ref> This was where his support peaked. Following severe inflation and food shortages Allende's popularity started to dip. With 44%., the Popular Unity progressed in the [[1973 Chilean parliamentary election|1973 legislative election]] but did not win the majority. The right did not have enough congressmen to destitute Allende, the country was plunged into a political crisis on top of the economic crisis. The left-wing government and the right-wing opposition in Congress were unable to reach a compromise on economic policy. The political violence exploded during 1973 with a [[Tanquetazo|first attempted coup d'Etat on 29 June]] and the assassination of Arturo Araya Peeters, aide-de-camp of Allende, the 27 July. Finally, anti-socialist elements in the military, with support from US intelligence agencies, orchestrated a successful [[1973 Chilean coup d'état|coup d'état on 11 September 1973]]. The leader of the coup, [[Augusto Pinochet]], seized power and assassinated the leaders of the Popular Unity. The UP's early economic success was short lived. Despite winning the presidential election, the legislative and judicial powers were still held by the opposition, making it difficult for the government to legislate. The United States, under the Nixon administration, prevented the renegotiation of national debt and placed an [[embargo]] on goods from nationalized companies. In response to these efforts, Allende expanded the money supply, and [[inflation]] skyrocketed. Food shortages worsened as the embargo limited imports and hoarding in the black-market limited access to food.<ref name=":0" />
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