Editing PowerPC 970 (section)

==Generations==
All generations of 970 processors were manufactured in IBM's East Fishkill plant in New York on a white ceramic substrate that was typical for IBM's high end processors of the era.
{{multiple image
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|image1=PowerPC-970.jpg
|caption1=The first PowerPC 970 was manufactured on a 130&nbsp;nm process in week 20 of 2003.<ref name="IBMProductionDates">{{Cite web |url=http://www.cpu-world.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=12736 |title=IBM production dates CPU-World |access-date=2 March 2013 |archive-date=20 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420135701/http://www.cpu-world.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=12736 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|image2=PowerPC-970FX.jpg
|caption2=The PowerPC 970FX was manufactured on a 90&nbsp;nm process in week 25 of 2004,<ref name="IBMProductionDates" /> with the smaller die.
|image3=PowerPC-970MP.jpg
|caption3=The PowerPC 970MP has two cores on the same die and twice the L2 cache per core than the 970FX so its size is much larger. It was manufactured in week 24 of 2005.<ref name="IBMProductionDates" />
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===PowerPC 970===
The '''PowerPC 970''' was announced by IBM in October 2002. It was released in [[Apple Inc.|Apple Computer]]'s [[Power Mac G5]] in June 2003. Like its naming convention of G3 and G4, Apple branded the PowerPC 970 based products as G5, for the fifth generation of PowerPC. IBM released its first PowerPC 970 blade servers, the [[IBM BladeCenter|BladeCenter JS20]], in November 2003.

The PowerPC 970 has 512&nbsp;KB of full-speed [[L2 cache]] and clock speeds from 1.6 to 2.0&nbsp;GHz. The front side bus runs at half the processor's clock speed.

===PowerPC 970FX===
The '''PowerPC 970FX''' has a [[90 nanometer|90&nbsp;nm]] manufacturing process and has a maximum power rating of 11 watts at 149 degrees Fahrenheit (65&nbsp;°C) while clocked at 1&nbsp;GHz and a maximum of 48 watts at 2&nbsp;GHz.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www-01.ibm.com/chips/techlib/techlib.nsf/techdocs/1DE505664D202D2987256D9C006B90A5/$file/PPC970FX_DS_DD3.X_V2.5_26MAR2007_pub.pdf |title=IBM PowerPC 970FX RISC Microprocessor Datasheet |publisher=01.ibm.com |access-date=November 2, 2010}}</ref>

It has 10 functional units{{snd}} 2 Fixed-Point Units, 2 Load/Store Units, 2 Floating Point Units, 1 Branch Unit, 1 SIMD ALU unit, 1 SIMD Permute unit, and 1 Condition Register. It supports up to 215 instructions in-flight: 16 in the Instruction Fetch Unit, 67 in the Instruction Decode Unit, 100 in the Functional Units, and 32 in the Store Queue. It has 64&nbsp;KBs of directly mapped Instruction Cache and 32&nbsp;KBs of D-Cache.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www-01.ibm.com/chips/techlib/techlib.nsf/techdocs/DC3D43B729FDAD2C00257419006FB955/$file/970FX_user_manual.v1.7.2008MAR14_pub.pdf |title=IBM PowerPC 970FX RISC Microprocessor User's Manual V 1.7 |publisher=www-01.ibm.com |access-date=May 21, 2014 |archive-date=May 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522012345/https://www-01.ibm.com/chips/techlib/techlib.nsf/techdocs/DC3D43B729FDAD2C00257419006FB955/$file/970FX_user_manual.v1.7.2008MAR14_pub.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Apple released 970FX-powered machines throughout 2004: the [[Xserve G5]] in January, the Power Mac G5 in June, and the [[iMac G5]] in August. The Power Mac introduced a top clock speed of 2.5&nbsp;GHz while [[computer cooling|liquid-cooled]] (eventually reaching as high as 2.7&nbsp;GHz in April 2005). The iMac ran the front side bus at a third of the clock speed.

Market demand was intense for a faster laptop CPU than the G4, but Apple never delivered a G5 series CPU in [[PowerBook]] laptops. The original 970 uses far too much power and was never seriously viewed as a candidate for a portable computer. The 970FX reduced [[thermal design power]] (TDP) to about 30 [[Watt (unit)|W]] at 1.5&nbsp;GHz, which led many users to believe a PowerBook G5 might be possible. However, several obstacles prevented even the 970FX from being used in this application. At 1.5&nbsp;GHz, the G5 was not substantially faster than the 1.5 and 1.67&nbsp;GHz G4 processors, which Apple used in PowerBooks instead. Furthermore, the northbridge chips available to interface the 970FX to memory and other devices were not designed for portable computers, and consumed too much power. Finally, the 970FX had inadequate power saving features for a portable CPU. Its minimum (idle) power was much too high, which would have led to poor battery life figures in a notebook computer.{{citation needed|date=November 2010}}

===PowerPC 970MP===
IBM announced the '''PowerPC 970MP''', [[codename]]d "Antares", on July 7, 2005, at the Power Everywhere forum in Tokyo. The 970MP is a dual-core derivative of the 970FX with clock speeds between 1.2 and 2.5&nbsp;GHz, and a maximum power usage of 75&nbsp;W at 1.8&nbsp;GHz and 100&nbsp;W at 2.0&nbsp;GHz. Each core has 1&nbsp;MB of [[L2 cache]], twice that of the 970FX. Like the 970FX, this chip was produced at the 90&nbsp;nm process. When one of the cores is idle, it will enter a "doze" state and shut down.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theinquirer.net/default.aspx?article=24486 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060812000943/http://www.theinquirer.net/default.aspx?article=24486 |url-status=unfit |archive-date=August 12, 2006 |title=IBM introduces dual-core PowerPC 970 chip – The INQUIRER |publisher=Theinquirer.net |author=Paul Hales: Friday, July 8, 2005, 5:28 PM |date= July 8, 2005|access-date=September 22, 2008}}</ref> The 970MP also includes partitioning and virtualization features.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9584_22-5499954.html |title=Next IBM-Apple chip getting high-end feature |publisher=[[ZDNet]] |access-date=September 22, 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080417003411/http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9584_22-5499954.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = April 17, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/bladecenter/js21e/index.html |title=IBM BladeCenter JS21 Express |publisher=03.ibm.com |access-date=September 22, 2008 |archive-date=September 10, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070910193100/http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/bladecenter/js21e/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The PowerPC 970MP replaced the PowerPC 970FX in Apple's high-end [[Power Mac G5]] computers, while the [[iMac G5]] and the legacy [[PCI-X]] Power Mac G5 continued to use the PowerPC 970FX processor. The PowerPC 970MP is used in IBM's JS21 blade modules, IBM Intellistation POWER 185 workstation and YDL PowerStation by [[Fixstars Solutions]] (Yellow Dog Linux (YDL) PowerStation).

Due to high power requirements, IBM discontinued units above 2.0&nbsp;GHz.