Editing Protectorate of Uganda (section)

=== Background ===
In the mid-1880s, the Kingdom of Buganda was divided between four religious factions – Adherents of Uganda's Native Religion, [[Catholics]], [[Protestants]] and [[Muslims]] – each vying for political control.<ref name="Bishop Alfred Tucker and the Establishment of a British Protectorate in Uganda 1890-94">Griffiths, Tudor. "Bishop Alfred Tucker and the Establishment of a British Protectorate in Uganda 1890–94." Journal of Religion in Africa, vol. 31, no. 1, 2001, pp. 92–114. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1581815.</ref> In 1888, [[Mwanga II]] was ousted in a coup led by the Muslim faction, who installed [[Kalema of Buganda|Kalema]] as leader. The following year, a Protestant and Catholic coalition formed to remove Kalema and return [[Mwanga II]] to power. This coalition secured an alliance with the [[Imperial British East Africa Company]] (IBEAC), and succeeded in ousting Kalema and reinstating Mwanga in 1890.<ref name="Bishop Alfred Tucker and the Establishment of a British Protectorate in Uganda 1890-94"/>

The IBEAC sent [[Frederick Lugard]] to Uganda in 1890 as its chief representative and to help maintain the peace between the competing factions. In 1891, Mwanga concluded a treaty with Lugard whereby Mwanga would place his land and tributary states under the protection of the IBEAC.<ref>Gray, John, and Carl Peters. "Anglo-German Relations in Uganda, 1890–1892." The Journal of African History, vol. 1, no. 2, 1960, pp. 281–297. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/180246.</ref>

In 1892, having subdued the Muslim faction, the Protestants and Catholics resumed their struggle for supremacy which led to civil war.<ref name="Bishop Alfred Tucker and the Establishment of a British Protectorate in Uganda 1890-94"/> That same year, the British government extended their support for the IBEAC to remain in Uganda until 1893. Despite strong opposition to getting involved in Uganda, the government felt that withdrawal of British influence would lead to war and the threat of a fellow European power encroaching on Britain's sphere of influence in East Africa it shared with Germany in 1890.<ref name="Bishop Alfred Tucker and the Establishment of a British Protectorate in Uganda 1890-94"/>

On 31 March 1893, the IBEAC formally ended its involvement in Uganda. Missionaries, led by [[Alfred Tucker]], lobbied the British government to take over the administration of Uganda in place of the IBEAC, arguing that British withdrawal would lead to a continuance of the civil war between the different religious factions.<ref name="Bishop Alfred Tucker and the Establishment of a British Protectorate in Uganda 1890-94"/> Shortly after, [[Sir Gerald Portal]], a representative of the British government on the ground in Uganda, proposed a plan of double chieftainships – whereby every chieftainship would have one Protestant and one Catholic chief. On 19 April 1893, the British government and the chiefs of Uganda signed a treaty giving effect to this plan.<ref name="Bishop Alfred Tucker and the Establishment of a British Protectorate in Uganda 1890-94"/>

On 18 June 1894, the British government declared that [[Second Republic of Uganda|Uganda]] would come under British protection as a [[Protectorate]].