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Queercore
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=== Origins === In the early 1980s, several U.S. [[Hardcore punk|hardcore]] bands wrote queer-themed songs, and Gary Floyd of the [[Dicks (band)|Dicks]] along with [[Randy Turner]] of [[Big Boys (band)|Big Boys]] were notable in both being [[coming out|openly gay]] and outspoken gay men. In England, in the [[anarcho-punk]] scene, [[Andy Martin (English musician)|Andy Martin]] of [[The Apostles (band)|The Apostles]] was equally forthright. Politically motivated [[U.S.]] bands such as [[MDC (band)|MDC]] and [[7 Seconds (band)|7 Seconds]] also introduced anti-homophobia messages into their songs at this time, while the [[Nip Drivers]] included a song titled "Quentin", dedicated to [[Quentin Crisp]], in their repertoire. The zine ''[[J.D.s]]'', created by [[G.B. Jones]] and [[Bruce LaBruce]], is widely acknowledged as being the zine which launched the movement. "''J.D.s'' is seen by many to be the catalyst that pushed the queercore scene into existence", writes Amy Spencer in ''DIY: The Rise of Lo-Fi Culture''.<ref name=":1">{{cite book |first=Amy |last=Spencer |title=DIY: The Rise Of Lo-Fi Culture |publisher=Marion Boyars Publishers |location=London, UK |date=2005 |isbn=0-7145-3105-7}}</ref> Emerging out of the [[The Northeastern Anarchist|anarchist]] scene, at first the editors of ''J.D.s'' had chosen the appellation "homocore" to describe the movement but replaced the word ''homo'' with [[queer]] to better reflect the diversity of those involved, as well as to disassociate themselves completely from the confines of gay and lesbian orthodoxy.<ref name="xtra">{{cite news |last=Krishtalka |first=Sholem |title=Art essay: We are Queercore |newspaper=Xtra |date=2007-01-04 |url=https://xtramagazine.com/culture/art-essay-we-are-queercore-39260}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Miller |first=Earl |title=File under anarchy: a brief history of punk rock's 30-year relationship with Toronto's Art Press |journal=C: International Contemporary Art |date=2005-12-22 |url=https://cmagazine.com/articles/file-under-anarchy-a-brief-history-of-punk-rocks-30-year-relatio}}</ref> The first issue was released in 1985, with a manifesto entitled "Don't Be Gay" published in the [[fanzine]] ''[[Maximum RocknRoll]]'' following soon after; inspiring, among many other zines, ''Holy Titclamps'', edited by Larry-bob, ''[[Homocore (zine)|Homocore]]'' by [[Tom Jennings]] and [[Deke Nihilson]],<ref name="dickinson"/> [[Donna Dresch]]'s ''Chainsaw'', and ''Outpunk'' by Matt Wobensmith, these last two later functioning as music labels. These zines, and the movement, are characterised by an alternative to the self-imposed ghettoization of orthodox gay men and lesbians; sexual and gender diversity in opposition to the segregation practiced by the mainstream gay community; a dissatisfaction with a [[consumerism|consumerist]] culture, proposing a [[DIY punk ethic|DIY]] ethos in its place in order to create a culture of its own; and opposition to oppressive religious tenets and political repression.
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