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RC oscillator
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===Phase-shift oscillator=== {{main|Phase-shift oscillator}} In the [[phase-shift oscillator]] the feedback network is three identical cascaded RC sections.<ref>{{citation |last=Department of the Army |title=Basic Theory and Application of Transistors |series=Technical Manuals |orig-year=1959 |year=1962 |publisher=Dover |id=TM 11-690 |pages=178β179}}</ref> In the simplest design the capacitors and resistors in each section have the same value <math>\scriptstyle R\;=\;R1\;=\;R2\;=\;R3</math> and <math>\scriptstyle C\;=\;C1\;=\;C2\;=\;C3</math>. Then at the oscillation frequency each RC section contributes 60Β° phase shift for a total of 180Β°. The oscillation frequency is :<math>f = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2\pi RC}</math> The feedback network has an attenuation of 1/29, so the op-amp must have a gain of 29 to give a loop gain of one for the circuit to oscillate :<math>R_\mathrm{fb} = 29\cdot R</math> {{Breakafterimages}} [[Image:Twin T oscillator.svg|thumb|225px|A twin-T oscillator]]
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