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Refractory
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== Uses == Refractory materials are useful for the following functions:<ref name="Hussein">{{Cite web|url=https://www.uotechnology.edu.iq/dep-materials/lecture/fourthclass/Refractories01.pdf|title=Introduction to Refractories|last=Alaa|first=Hussein|website=University of Technology - Iraq}}</ref><ref name="IspatGuru" /> # Serving as a thermal barrier between a hot medium and the wall of a containing vessel # Withstanding physical stresses and preventing erosion of vessel walls due to the hot medium # Protecting against corrosion # Providing thermal insulation Refractories have multiple useful applications. In the metallurgy industry, refractories are used for lining furnaces, kilns, reactors, and other vessels which hold and transport hot media such as metal and [[slag]]. Refractories have other high temperature applications such as fired heaters, hydrogen reformers, ammonia primary and secondary reformers, cracking furnaces, utility boilers, catalytic cracking units, air heaters, and sulfur furnaces.<ref name="Hussein" /> They are used for surfacing [[flame deflector]]s in rocket launch structures.<ref>[https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20130014277.pdf "Refractory Materials for Flame Deflector Protection System Corrosion Control: Similar Industries and/or Launch Facilities Survey"]. NASA, January 2009</ref>
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