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Refusenik
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=== Hijacking incident === {{Main|Dymshits–Kuznetsov hijacking affair}} In 1970, a group of 16 refuseniks (two of whom were not Jewish), organized by dissident [[Eduard Kuznetsov (dissident)|Eduard Kuznetsov]] (who already served a seven-year term in Soviet prisons), plotted to buy all the seats for the local flight [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]]-[[Priozersk]], under the guise of a trip to a wedding, on a small 12-seater aircraft [[Antonov An-2]] (colloquially known as {{langx|ru|label=none|кукурузник|translit=kukuruznik}}), throw out the pilots before takeoff from an intermediate stop, and fly it to Sweden, knowing they faced a huge risk of being captured or shot down. One of the participants, Mark Dymshits, was a former military pilot.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} On 15 June 1970, after arriving at [[Rzhevka Airport|Smolnoye (later Rzhevka) Airport]] near Leningrad, the entire group of the "wedding guests" was arrested by the [[Ministry of Internal Affairs (Soviet Union)|MVD]].{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} The accused were charged with [[high treason]], punishable by the [[death sentence]] under Article 64 of the Penal code of the RSFSR. Dymshits and Kuznetsov were sentenced to [[capital punishment]], but after international protests, it was appealed and replaced with 15 years in prison; [[Yosef Mendelevitch]] and Yuri Fedorov: 15 years; Aleksey Murzhenko: 14 years; Sylva Zalmanson (Kuznetsov's wife and the only woman on trial): 10 years; Arie (Leib) Knokh: 13 years; Anatoli Altmann: 12 years; Boris Penson: 10 years; Israel Zalmanson: 8 years; Wolf Zalmanson (brother of Sylva and Israel): 10 years; Mendel Bodnya: 4 years.{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}}
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