Editing Research and Analysis Wing (section)

===Background (1923–69)===
Prior to the inception of the Research and Analysis Wing, overseas intelligence collection was primarily the responsibility of the [[Intelligence Bureau (India)|Intelligence Bureau]] (IB), which was created by the Government of India during [[British Raj]]. In 1933, sensing the political turmoil in the world which eventually led to the [[Second World War]], the Intelligence Bureau's responsibilities were increased to include the collection of [[intelligence (information gathering)|intelligence]] along India's borders.

In 1947, after [[History of India#Indian independence movement (1885–1947)|independence]], Sanjeevi Pillai took over as the first Indian Director of the IB. Having been depleted of trained manpower by the exit of the British after [[Indian Independence Act 1947|Indian independence]], Pillai tried to run the bureau on [[MI5]] lines. In 1949, Pillai organised a small foreign intelligence operation, but the Indian debacle in the [[Sino-Indian War]] of 1962 showed it to be ineffective. Foreign intelligence failure during the 1962 Sino-Indian War led then-Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to order a dedicated foreign intelligence agency to be established.<ref name="FAsummary"/> After the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1965]], the Chief of Army Staff, General [[Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri]], also called for more intelligence-gathering.<ref name="FAsummary"/><ref name="Federation of American Scientists"/> Around the end of 1966 the concept of a separate foreign intelligence agency began to take concrete shape.