Editing Role theory (section)

=== The construction of roles ===

Turner argued that the process of describing a role also modifies the role which would otherwise be implicit, referring to this process as ''role-making'' arguing that very formal roles such as those in the military are not representative of roles because the role-making process is suppressed.{{efn|name=role-making|"The result is that in attempting from time to time to make aspects of the roles explicit he is creating and modifying roles as well as merely bringing them to light; the process is not only role-taking but role-making."<ref name="turner"/>{{rp|85}} }} Sociologist [[Howard S. Becker]] similarly claims that the [[Label (sociology)|label]] given and the definition used in a social context can change actions and behaviors.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Becker |first=Howard S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p30KygEACAAJ |title=Outsiders: studies in the sociology of deviance |publisher=Free Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-9821-0622-5 |edition=New |location=New York, NY |pages=169–172 |oclc=1033904462}}</ref>

Situation-specific roles develop ''[[ad hoc]]'' in a given social situation. However it can be argued that the expectations and norms that define this ad hoc role are defined by the social role.

The word consensus is used when a group of people have the same expectations through agreement. We live in a society where people know how they should act, which is a result of learned behaviors stemming from social norms. As a whole society follows typical roles and follows their expected norms. Subsequently, there is a standard created through the conformity of these social groups.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Biddle |first=B. |date=1986-01-01 |title=Recent Developments in Role Theory |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.12.1.67 |journal=Annual Review of Sociology |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=67–92 |doi=10.1146/annurev.soc.12.1.67 |issn=0360-0572|url-access=subscription }}</ref>