Editing Runs created (section)

==Formula==

===Basic runs created===

In the most basic runs created formula:

<math>RC = \frac{(H+BB) \times TB}{AB+BB}</math>

where H is [[hit (baseball)|hits]], BB is [[base on balls]], TB is [[total bases]] and AB is [[at bat|at-bats]].

This can also be expressed as

<math>RC = OBP \times SLG \times AB</math>

<math>RC = OBP \times TB</math>

where OBP is [[on-base percentage]], SLG is [[slugging average]], AB is [[at bat|at-bats]] and TB is [[total bases]], however OBP includes the [[hit-by-pitch]] while the previous RC formula does not.

==="Stolen base" version of runs created===

This formula expands on the basic formula by accounting for a player's basestealing ability.

<math>RC = \frac{(H+BB-CS) \times (TB+(.55 \times SB))}{AB+BB}</math>

where H is [[Hit (baseball)|hits]], BB is [[base on balls]], CS is [[caught stealing]], TB is [[total bases]], SB is [[stolen base]]s, and AB is [[at bat]]s.

==="Technical" version of runs created===

This formula accounts for all basic, easily available offensive statistics.

<math>RC = \frac{(H+BB-CS+HBP-GIDP) \times (TB+(.26 \times (BB - IBB + HBP)) + (.52 \times (SH + SF + SB)))}{AB+BB+HBP+SH+SF}</math>

where H is [[Hit (baseball)|hits]], BB is [[base on balls]], CS is [[caught stealing]], HBP is [[hit by pitch]], GIDP is [[grounded into double play]], TB is [[total bases]], IBB is [[intentional base on balls]], SH is [[sacrifice hit]], SF is [[sacrifice fly]], SB is [[stolen base]], and AB is [[at bat]]s.

===2002 version of runs created===

Earlier versions of runs created overestimated the number of runs created by players with extremely high A and B factors (on-base and slugging), such as [[Babe Ruth]], [[Ted Williams]] and [[Barry Bonds]].  This is because these formulas placed a player in an offensive context of players equal to himself; it is as if the player is assumed to be on base for himself when he hits home runs.  Of course, this is impossible, and in reality, a great player is interacting with offensive players whose contributions are inferior to his.  The 2002 version corrects this by placing the player in the context of his real-life team.  This 2002 version also takes into account performance in "clutch" situations.

:A: <math>H + BB - CS + HBP - GIDP</math>
:B: <math>(1.125 \times \mathit{1B}) + (1.69 \times \mathit{2B}) + (3.02 \times \mathit{3B}) + (3.73 \times HR) + .29 \times (BB-IBB+HBP) + .492 \times (SH + SF + SB) - (.04 \times K)</math>
:C: <math>AB + BB + HBP + SH + SF</math>

where K is [[strikeout]].

The initial individual runs created estimate is then:

<math>RC = \left ( \frac{(2.4C+A)\;(3C+B)}{9C} \right ) - .9C</math>

If situational hitting information is available, the following should be added to the above total:

<math>H_{RISP} - (AB_{RISP} \times BA) + HR_{ROB} - \frac{AB_{ROB} \times HR}{AB}</math>

where RISP is [[baserunning|runners in scoring position]], BA is [[batting average (baseball)|batting average]], HR is [[home run]], and ROB is runners on base. The subscripts indicate the required condition for the formula. For example, <math>H_{RISP}</math> means "hits while runners are in scoring position."

This is then figured for every member of the team, and an estimate of total team runs scored is added up.  The actual total of team runs scored is then divided by the estimated total team runs scored, yielding a ratio of real to estimated team runs scored.  The above individual runs created estimate is then multiplied by this ratio, to yield a runs created estimate for the individual.<ref>James, Bill and Baseball Info Solutions (2007). ''The Bill James Handbook 2008'', pp. 475-7. ACTA Sports. {{ISBN|978-0-87946-340-3}}</ref>

===Other expressions of runs created===
====Weighted runs created plus====
{{Expand section|date=July 2022|with=A formula for wRC+}}
Weighted runs created plus (wRC+) takes runs created and adjusts it to account for ballpark factors and the era a player played in.<ref>[https://www.mlb.com/glossary/advanced-stats/weighted-runs-created-plus Weighted Runs Created Plus (wRC+)]</ref>

====Runs created as a rate stat====
The same information provided by runs created can be expressed as a rate stat, rather than a raw number of runs contributed. This is usually expressed as runs created per some number of outs, e.g. <math>\frac{RC}{27}</math> (27 being the number of [[Out (baseball)|outs]] per team in a standard 9-[[inning]] baseball game).