Editing SD card (section)

=== 1999–2005: Creation and introduction of smaller formats ===
In 1999, [[SanDisk]], [[Panasonic]] (then known as Matsushita), and [[Kioxia]] (then part of [[Toshiba]]) agreed to develop and market the Secure Digital (SD) memory card.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dpreview.com/articles/6861681955/newmemory|title=Three Giants to develop new "Secure Memory Card"|publisher=DP review|access-date=2016-02-23|archive-date=2019-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904031748/http://www.dpreview.com/articles/6861681955/newmemory|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="partnership">{{cite web |date=1999-08-24 |title=Matsushita Electric, SanDisk and Toshiba Agree to Join Forces to Develop and Promote Next Generation Secure Memory Card |url=http://www.dpreview.com/articles/6861681955/newmemory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904031748/http://www.dpreview.com/articles/6861681955/newmemory |archive-date=2019-09-04 |access-date=2016-02-23 |publisher=DP Review}}</ref> The card was created as a second-generation successor to the [[MultiMediaCard]] (MMC)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrews |first=Ben |date=2022-10-25 |title=Flash back: the history of the SD card, and why we think it deserves more love |url=https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/features/flash-back-the-history-of-the-sd-card-and-why-we-think-it-deserves-more-love |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=Digital Photography Review}}</ref> and provided [[digital rights management]] (DRM) based on the [[Secure Digital Music Initiative]] (SDMI) standard and a high [[memory density]] ("data/bits per physical space"), i.e. a large quantity of data could be stored in a small physical space.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}

SD was designed to compete with the [[Memory Stick]], a flash storage format with DRM [[Sony]] had released the year before. Toshiba hoped the SD card's DRM would encourage music suppliers concerned about piracy to use SD cards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toshiba.co.jp/about/press/2003_07/pr1701.htm|title=Press Releases 17 July 2003|publisher=Toshiba|date=2003-07-17|access-date=2010-08-22|archive-date=2010-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100908075309/http://www.toshiba.co.jp/about/press/2003_07/pr1701.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

The trademarked SD logo was originally developed for the [[Super Density Disc]], which was the unsuccessful Toshiba entry in the [[DVD]] format war. For this reason, the letter "D" is styled to resemble an optical disc.<ref>{{Citation |title=The Odd History of the SD Logo | date=21 January 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VeLvdE8lNW4 |access-date=2023-10-25 |language=en}}</ref>

At the 2000 [[Consumer Electronics Show]] (CES), the three companies announced the creation of the [[SD Association]] (SDA) to promote SD cards. The SD Association, which was headquartered in [[San Ramon, California]], United States, then had 30 member companies and product manufacturers that made interoperable memory cards and devices. Early samples of the SD card<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bitwarsoft.com/what-is-an-sd-card.html |title=What is SD Card |publisher=Bitwarsoft.com |date=2020-07-24 |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181808/https://www.bitwarsoft.com/what-is-an-sd-card.html |url-status=live }}</ref> became available in the first quarter of 2000, and production quantities of 32 and 64 [[megabyte]] (MB){{efn|except where indicated otherwise, 1&nbsp;MB equals one million bytes}} cards became available three months later.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}<!-- found source? <ref>https://www.global.toshiba/ww/news/corporate/2000/01/pr0602.html {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>--> The first 64&nbsp;MB cards were offered for sale for US$200.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xA5vzkW8IDsC&dq=64mb+sd+card+second+quarter+2000&pg=PA40|title=Popular Science|first=Bonnier|last=Corporation|date=August 27, 2000|publisher=Bonnier Corporation|via=Google Books}}</ref> SD was envisioned as a single memory card format for several kinds of electronic devices that could also function as an expansion slot for adding new capabilities for a device.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VW7ZIgUJwSMC&dq=64mb+sd+card+second+quarter+2000&pg=PA90|title=Popular Science|first=Bonnier|last=Corporation|date=May 27, 2000|publisher=Bonnier Corporation|via=Google Books}}</ref> The first 256&nbsp;MB and 512&nbsp;MB SD cards were announced in 2001.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://m.dpreview.com/articles/9501387485/sdmmc256mb512mb | title=256 and 512 MB MMC / SD cards }}</ref>

==== miniSD ====
[[File:MiniSD memory card including adapter.jpg|thumb|MiniSD memory card including adapter]]

At March 2003 [[CeBIT]], SanDisk Corporation introduced, announced and demonstrated the '''miniSD''' form factor.<ref name="miniSD_announcement">[http://www.sandisk.com/Corporate/PressRoom/PressReleases/PressRelease.aspx?ID=1536 SanDisk Introduces The World's Smallest Removable Flash Card For Mobile Phones-The miniSD Card] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114232017/http://www.sandisk.com/Corporate/PressRoom/PressReleases/PressRelease.aspx?ID=1536 |date=2009-01-14 }} SanDisk.com</ref> The SDA adopted the miniSD card in 2003 as a small-form-factor extension to the SD card standard. While the new cards were designed for mobile phones, they were usually packaged with a miniSD adapter that provided compatibility with a standard SD memory card slot.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}

==== microSD ====
[[File:Samsung Galaxy A02s microSD slot.JPG|thumb|microSD card inserted on a [[smartphone]]]]
'''MicroSD''' form-factor memory cards were introduced in 2004 by SanDisk at CeBIT<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/0403/22/news002.html|title=HD録画のカムコーダ、DVD-R内蔵ミニノート……会場で見かけた新製品|date=March 22, 2004|website=ITmedia NEWS|access-date=February 12, 2024|archive-date=September 11, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911012959/https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/0403/22/news002.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and originally called T-Flash,<ref>{{cite news |title=T-Flash: aka 'Yet Another Memory Card Format' |first=Peter |last=Rojas |date=2 March 2004 |journal=[[Engadget]] |url=https://www.engadget.com/2004/03/02/t-flash-aka-yet-another-memory-card-format/ |access-date=2 May 2019 |archive-date=2 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502064324/https://www.engadget.com/2004/03/02/t-flash-aka-yet-another-memory-card-format/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and later TransFlash,<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2004 |title=SanDisk releases new memory cards |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/sandisk-releases-new-memory-cards/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222023250/https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/sandisk-releases-new-memory-cards/ |archive-date=2024-02-22 |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=CNET}}</ref> commonly abbreviated to "TF". T-Flash was renamed microSD in 2005 when it was adopted by the SDA.<ref>
{{cite web | url=https://www.theregister.com/2005/07/14/transflash_is_microsd/ | title=TransFlash becomes MicroSD | access-date=2024-02-03 | archive-date=2024-09-11 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911012959/https://www.theregister.com/2005/07/14/transflash_is_microsd/ | url-status=live }}
</ref> TransFlash and microSD cards are functionally identical, allowing either to operate in devices made for the other.<ref name="Phonescoop">{{cite web |url=https://www.phonescoop.com/articles/article.php?a=801 |title=SanDisk Reveals Tiny New Memory Cards for Phones |publisher=Phonescoop.com |date=28 February 2004 |access-date=2014-01-02 |archive-date=2012-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722005048/http://www.phonescoop.com/articles/article.php?a=801 |url-status=live }}</ref> A passive adapter allows the use of microSD and TransFlash cards in SD card slots.<ref name="Phonescoop"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ko.com.ua/cebit_2004_nastraivaemsya_na_volnu_budushhego_16835|title=CeBIT 2004: "Настраиваемся на волну будущего" &#124; Статьи &#124; Компьютерное Обозрение|website=ko.com.ua|access-date=2024-02-12|archive-date=2024-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911013022/https://ko.com.ua/cebit_2004_nastraivaemsya_na_volnu_budushhego_16835|url-status=live}}</ref>