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Sabalan
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==Geology== Sabalan is a large [[andesite]] stratovolcano in Meshgin Shahr, in [[Ardabil province]] in Iran. It is the second-highest volcano after [[Mount Damavand]]. The volcano is quite old. Its first eruptions occurred in the [[Eocene]] and later in the [[Miocene]]. But the main volcanism happened in the [[Pliocene]] and the [[Pleistocene]] as some of its rocks have been dated to 5–1.4 million years. Some references state that volcanic activity continued into the [[Holocene]], less than 10,000 years ago. The summit region has several peaks exceeding {{Convert|4500|m|ft|-2}}, primarily along a southwest–northeast trending ridge. The highest point {{Convert|4791|m|ft|0}} is at the northeast end of the ridge and is separated from the {{Convert|4620|m|ft|-1}}+ group of southwestern summits by a {{Convert|4190|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} [[mountain pass|col]]. The mountain is located in a [[continental climate]] with hot, dry summers and extremely cold, snowy winters. Precipitation falls primarily as [[snow]] in late autumn, winter, and spring, and is sufficient to sustain seven [[glacier]]s near the summit above {{Convert|4000|m|ft|-3}}. The largest of these were more than {{Convert|1.5|km|mi|0}} in length as of the 1970s. There are also extensive [[rock glacier]]s, several of which are more than {{Convert|3|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} in length.
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