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== History == [[Image:svpmap satakunda.png|left|thumb|200px|Map of the historical province of Satakunta]] According to one theory, Satakunta was a political and military entity already in the [[Late Iron Age]] of Finland (550 - 1150 AD). During the 13th century, the Swedish rule was consolidated. At the same time, the coastal strip received some Swedish inhabitants, who however were assimilated in the mainstream Finnish population.{{cn|date=March 2024}} The remnant of the influx can be seen in some of the [[toponyms of Finland|toponyms]] in coastal Satakunta (e.g. [[Noormarkku]] < {{langx|sv|Norrmark}}). Genetically connections to Scandinavia seem to be relatively strong. [[Haplogroup I-M253|Haplogroup I1 (Y-DNA)]], which is typically Scandinavian, is very common in Satakunta.{{cn|date=March 2024}} The common ancestor with the closest (rare) Scandinavian branches lived at least 2300 years ago.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.yfull.com/tree/I-L287/ | title=I-L287 YTree }}</ref> During the Middle Ages, the major cities of the province were [[Ulvila]], established in the 14th century and [[Rauma, Finland|Rauma]], established 1442.{{cn|date=March 2024}} Due to the rising of land, the former was left inland and lost its access to the sea. Consequently, the city of [[Pori]] was founded to the coast by [[Johan III of Sweden|Johan]], [[Grand Duke of Finland]] in 1558.{{cn|date=March 2024}} Administratively, the province lost its function in 1649 when it was combined with [[Southwest Finland]] to form [[Turku and Pori County]]. In the 19th century, the eastern parts of the province were transferred to the [[Tavastia (historical province)|Tavastia]] County. At the present, the eastern part of the old province has formed the region of [[Pirkanmaa]] and the western part forms the region of Satakunta.{{cn|date=March 2024}} Satakunta, with the rest of Finland, was separated from Sweden when Finland was ceded to [[Russia]] in 1809. During the era of Autonomy (1809–1917), the province experienced slow industrialization, Pori becoming the most important industrial city of the region. The forest and textile industries dominated the business life. In addition, the merchants of Rauma and Pori had impressively large fleets of sailpowered merchantmen, which made up a large fraction of the total merchant navy of the Russian empire.{{cn|date=March 2024}} The large-scale use of sail ships continued until the 1930s, even while the steampower started to dominate the international seatraffic. The building of the [[Tampere]]–[[Pori]] and [[Kokemäki]]–[[Rauma, Finland|Rauma]] railroads connected the province into Finnish inland and diminished the importance of unnavigable [[Kokemäenjoki]] river as a means of transport.{{cn|date=March 2024}} After this, the ports of Rauma and Pori have remained among the most important export ports for the Finnish industry.{{cn|date=March 2024}} The development of agriculture towards [[market economy|market-based economy]] was started during the 18th century, when crop rotation and large-scale drainage projects were initiated.{{cn|date=March 2024}} At the same time, clearing of forests for agricultural use continued, leading into the formation of a large crofter class ({{langx|fi|torppari}}), living on small-holdings rented from larger farms. During the 19th century the social divisions among the rural population deepened. Consequently, in [[Finnish Civil War]] of 1918, Satakunta formed an important part of Red Finland.{{cn|date=March 2024}} Since independence, the development of Satakunta has followed the general Finnish pattern. The rural areas have suffered from the drain of young population towards population centers, which until the early 1990s benefited the industrial cities of Rauma, [[Harjavalta]] and Pori with their surroundings.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rapo |first=Markus |title=Statistics Finland - Population Structure 2021 |url=https://stat.fi/til/vaerak/2021/vaerak_2021_2022-03-31_tie_001_en.html |access-date=2025-02-12 |website=stat.fi |language=en}}</ref> The metal and forest industries expanded steadily, necessitating the building of the nuclear plant at [[Olkiluoto]]. The increase of industrial production was not fully without problems, however. Especially the area around Harjavalta copper–nickel smelting plant suffered heavily from [[acid rain]] and Kokemäenjoki became heavily polluted. These problems have been controlled to large extent since the 1980s.<ref>[http://www.metsakeskus.fi/NR/rdonlyres/AB540D22-F437-4CB2-A037-48CDE9379217/5944/amo_2006_2011.pdf Lounais-Suomen metsäohjelma]. P. 34. Retrieved 11-19-2007. {{in lang|fi}}</ref><ref>[http://www.kemira.com/NR/rdonlyres/2871DBC8-4A24-42A9-BD60-A0EA45AAE697/0/WATERNET_107_low.pdf Kokemäenjoen päästötasot romahtaneet]. Waternet 1/2007. The magazine is a PR-publication of Finnish chemicals manufacturer, but the fact that the pollution levels of Kokemäenjoki have indeed gone down is correct. Retrieved 11-19-2007. {{in lang|fi}}</ref> Since the 1990s, the traditional industries of the region have more or less stagnated and the relative importance of her cities has dwindled. One of the perceived reasons for this development has been the fact that Satakunta lacks a university of its own.<ref>[http://www.pori.fi/kirjasto/satakuntaliitto/a219.htm Satakunnan alueellinen tavoiteohjelma.] Satakuntaliiton julkaisu A:219. Retrieved 11-19-2007. {{in lang|fi}}</ref>
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