Editing Scouting (section)

===Origins===
In the late nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century, there was popular interest in frontier and military scouts. Boys and girls read fictional and non fictional stories about scouts and emulated these scouts in dress and activities and used self-help manuals. Some teachers and youth leaders instructed boys and girls in scoutcraft. ''Reconnaissance and Scouting'' (1884)<ref name="bp1884">{{cite book |last=Baden-Powell |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell |title=Reconnaissance and scouting. A practical course of instruction, in twenty plain lessons, for officers, non-commissioned officers, and men |publisher=W. Clowes and Sons |date=1884 |location=London |oclc=9913678}}</ref> and ''Aids to Scouting'',<ref name="bp1899">{{cite book |last=Baden-Powell |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell |title=Aids to scouting for N.-C.Os. & men |publisher=Gale & Polden |date=1899 |location=London |oclc=316520848}}</ref> books on military scout training written by [[Robert Baden-Powell]], were among the sources used for instruction. Sales of ''Aids to Scouting'' were fuelled by Baden-Powell's fame as hero of the [[Second Boer War]].<ref name="arrow">{{cite web |title=First Scouting Handbook |publisher=Order of the Arrow, Boy Scouts of America |url=http://history.oa-bsa.org/node/3019 |access-date=April 24, 2014 |archive-date=11 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211023502/http://history.oa-bsa.org/node/3019 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

(For Baden-Powell's background in [[woodcraft]] and scouting see [[Baden-Powell]])

Inspired by the interest in his books on scout training and urged by the [[Boys' Brigade]] founder, [[William Alexander Smith (Boys' Brigade)|William A. Smith]] and leaders, some of whom had adopted Scout training, and by the publishers, [[C. Arthur Pearson Ltd]], Baden-Powell began writing a book for boy readership.<ref name="BPJeal">{{cite book |last=Jeal |first=Tim |author-link=Tim Jeal |publisher=Yale University Press|year=1989 |title=Baden-Powell |pages=360–362, 371}}</ref> Baden-Powell was also motivated by his experience with the Mafeking Cadet Corp and the poor physical standards of recruits and their poor preparation for colonial wars. He studied other youth training schemes. In July 1906, [[Ernest Thompson Seton]], a British-born Canadian raised naturalist, artist and writer living in the United States, sent Baden-Powell a copy of his 1902 book ''The Birchbark Roll of the Woodcraft Indians''<ref name="birchbark">{{cite web |title=Woodcraft Indians |publisher=Order of the Arrow, Boy Scouts of America |url=http://history.oa-bsa.org/node/3039 |access-date=April 24, 2014}}</ref> and they met in October 1906 and shared ideas about youth training, providing Baden-Powell with a scheme for delivery of scout training.<ref name="SetonInfed">{{cite web |year=2002 |url=http://www.infed.org/thinkers/seton.htm |title=Ernest Thompson Seton and Woodcraft |publisher=InFed |access-date=December 7, 2006}}</ref><ref name="BPInfed">{{cite web |year=2002 |url=http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-bp.htm |title=Robert Baden-Powell as an Educational Innovator |publisher=InFed |access-date=December 7, 2006}}</ref>

[[File:Scout stone Brownsea.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|Stone on [[Brownsea Island]] commemorating the [[Brownsea Island Scout camp|first experimental Scout camp]]]]
In August 1907, Baden-Powell led a week-long experimental [[Brownsea Island Scout camp|Scout camp]] on [[Brownsea Island]] in [[Poole Harbour]], Dorset England to test his ideas. Twenty-one boys from various social backgrounds, from boy's schools in the London area and a section of boys from the [[Poole]], [[Parkstone]], [[Hamworthy]], [[Bournemouth]] and [[Winton, Dorset|Winton]] Boys' Brigade units attended the camp.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Woolgar, Brian|author2=La Riviere, Sheila|year=2002|title=Why Brownsea? The Beginnings of Scouting |publisher=Brownsea Island Scout and Guide Management Committee}}</ref> Following Seton's scheme, the boys organized themselves in small groups with an elected leader.<ref>{{cite web |first=Johnny|last=Walker|url=http://scoutguidehistoricalsociety.com/| title=Scouting Milestones&nbsp;– Brownsea Island|access-date=July 7, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614022349/http://scoutguidehistoricalsociety.com/|archive-date=June 14, 2011}}</ref> The camp was accompanied by advertising and followed by an extensive promotional speaking tour arranged by [[C. Arthur Pearson Ltd.]] to promote the forthcoming book.

In 1908, Baden-Powell's book, ''[[Scouting for Boys]]'', was published in six fortnightly parts, followed in April by ''[[Scouting magazine (The Scout Association)#The Scout (1908–1966)|The Scout]]'' magazine.  These omitted many military aspects of ''Aids to Scouting'' and transferred the techniques (mainly [[survival skills]]) to non-military heroes: backwoodsmen, explorers<ref name="VoL">{{Cite book |last=Baden-Powell |first=Robert |url=http://www.pinetreeweb.com/bp-varsity10-1.htm |title=Lessons from the Varsity of Life | chapter = 10 |year=1933 |author-link=Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061202185248/http://www.pinetreeweb.com/bp-varsity10-1.htm |archive-date= 2006-12-02|page=14  |url-status=dead}}</ref> He also added innovative educational principles (the [[Scout method]]) by which he extended the attractive game to a personal mental education.<ref name="BPInfed"/> and provided descriptions of the [[Scout method]] of outdoor activities aiming at [[Moral character|developing character]], [[Citizenship education (subject)|citizenship training]] and [[Physical fitness]] among youth.<ref name="bp1908">{{cite book |last=Baden-Powell |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell |title=Scouting for Boys: A Handbook for Instruction in Good Citizenship |publisher=H. Cox |date=1908 |location=London
 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qgFcKf69L6wC |isbn=978-0-486-45719-2}}</ref><ref name="founded">{{cite web |title=Scouting Founded |publisher=Order of the Arrow, Boy Scouts of America |url=http://history.oa-bsa.org/node/3017 |access-date=September 29, 2014}}</ref><ref name="notestobook2004">{{Cite book| first = Elleke | last = Boehmer | title = Notes to 2004 edition of Scouting for Boys | year = 2004 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = [[Oxford]] }}</ref> Later in 1908, ''Scouting for Boys'' was published in book form and a revised edition was published in 1909 and was the basis for the 1910 ''Boy Scout Handbook'' of the [[Boy Scouts of America]] by Seton.<ref name="firstpub">{{cite web |last=Baden-Powell |first=Robert |year=1998 |url=http://www.pinetreeweb.com/bp-scouting-for-boys.htm |title=Baden-Powell, Scouting for Boys, 1908 |publisher=Pinetreeweb.com |access-date=December 9, 2006}}</ref> The various editions of the book are now the fourth-bestselling title of all time.<ref name="bestseller">{{cite web |year=2005 |url=http://www.scoutbase.org.uk/library/history/ |title=The birth of an idea |work=The History of Scouting |publisher=The Scout Association |access-date=December 12, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218022145/http://www.scoutbase.org.uk/library/history/ |archive-date=February 18, 2010 |url-status=dead  }}</ref> The original edition and magazine described a scheme which could be used by established organizations, particular the various Brigade Movement organizations.<ref name="A Scouting timeline">{{cite web |url= http://www.scoutbase.org.uk/library/history/|title= The History of Scouting|access-date=August 18, 2007 |publisher= The Scout Association|date=2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818201813/http://www.scoutbase.org.uk/library/history/|archive-date=August 18, 2007}}</ref><ref name="petersonsmith">{{cite web |last=Peterson |first=Robert |date=Oct 2003 |url=http://www.scoutingmagazine.org/issues/0310/d-wwas.html |title=Another youth organization, the Boys' Brigade, was flourishing when the first official troops of the Boy Scouts of America appeared in 1910 |work=Scouting Magazine |publisher=Boy Scouts of America |access-date=May 22, 2006}}</ref> However, because of the popular image of scouts and desire for adventurous outdoor activities, boys and even some girls formed their own Scout patrols and troops, independent of any organization.

In 1909, a Scout Rally was held at [[1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally|Crystal Palace]] in London, which 11,000 Boy Scouts and even some Girl Scouts in uniform attended. 

Local and national Scout organizations were formed. In 1910, Baden-Powell formed [[The Scout Association|The Boy Scouts Association]]. The Boy Scouts Association's first census in 1910 claimed 100,000 registered Scouts.<ref name="A Scouting timeline"/>

Special interests and programs developed such as Scout bands, cyclist scouts, [[Sea Scouts]], [[Air Scouts]], [[Equestrian Scouting and Guiding|mounted Scouts]] and [[high adventure]].<ref name="SeaHist">{{cite web|url=http://www.seascout.org/about/history-uk.html|title=A Short History of Sea Scouting in the United Kingdom|last=Masini|first=Roy|year=2007|access-date=January 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819162139/http://www.seascout.org/about/history-uk.html|archive-date=August 19, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="AirHist">{{cite web|url=http://scoutguidehistoricalsociety.com/|title=The Early History of Air Scouting|last=Walker|first=Colin "Johnny"|date=June 2007|publisher=Scouting Milestones|access-date=January 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614022231/http://scoutguidehistoricalsociety.com/|archive-date=June 14, 2011}}</ref>