Editing Shin splints (section)

==Causes==
Shin splints typically occur due to excessive [[physical activity]].<ref name=OI2019/> Groups that are commonly affected include runners, dancers, and military personnel.<ref name=Res2012/>

Risk factors for developing shin splints include:
* [[Flat feet]] or rigid arches<ref name=OI2019/>
* Being [[overweight]]<ref name=Stat2019>{{cite journal |last1=McClure |first1=CJ |last2=Oh |first2=R |title=Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome |date=January 2019 |pmid=30860714 |website=NCBI Bookshelf |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538479/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329231917/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538479/ |archive-date= Mar 29, 2023 }}</ref>
* Excessively tight calf muscles (which can cause excessive [[Pronation of the foot|pronation]])<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1249/00005768-200003001-00001|title = Exercise-related lower leg pain: An overview| journal=Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise| volume=32| pages=S1–S3|year = 2000|last1 = Brukner|first1 = Peter|issue = 3 Suppl|pmid = 10730988|doi-access = free}}</ref>
* Engaging the anti-pronatory (supinating) muscles in excessive amounts of eccentric muscle activity<ref name= "YatesWhiteWhite2004">{{cite journal |last1=Yates |first1=B. |last2=White |first2=S. |year=2004 |title=The incidence and risk factors in the development of medial tibial stress syndrome among naval recruits |journal=American Journal of Sports Medicine |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=772–780 |pmid=15090396 |doi=10.1177/0095399703258776|s2cid=24603853 }}</ref>
* Undertaking high-impact exercises on hard, [[Compliant mechanism|non-compliant]] surfaces (such as running on asphalt or concrete)<ref name= "YatesWhiteWhite2004"/>

People who have previously had shin splints are more likely to have them again.<ref name=Moen2009/>