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Shuri Castle
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===Decline=== In the 1850s, Commodore [[Matthew C. Perry]] twice forced his way into Shuri Castle, but was denied an audience with the king both times.<ref>Kerr. pp. 315–317, 328.</ref> In 1879, the kingdom was annexed by the [[Empire of Japan]] and the last king, [[Shō Tai]], was compelled to move to Tokyo, and in 1884, he was “elevated” to the rank of marquess in the [[kazoku|Japanese aristocracy]]. Subsequently, the castle was used as a [[barracks]] by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]]. The Japanese garrison withdrew in 1896,<ref>Kerr. p. 460.</ref> but not before having created a series of tunnels and caverns below it. In 1908, Shuri City bought the castle from the Japanese government; however, it did not have funding to renovate it. In 1923, thanks to Japanese architect [[Ito Chuta]], ''Seiden'' survived demolition after being re-designated a prefectural [[Shinto]] shrine known as [[Okinawa Shrine]]. In 1925, it was designated as a [[National treasures of Japan|national treasure]]. Despite its decline, historian [[George H. Kerr]] described the castle as "one of the most magnificent castle sites to be found anywhere in the world, for it commands the countryside below for miles around and looks toward distant sea horizons on every side."<ref name=Kerr50>[[George H. Kerr|Kerr, George H.]] (2000). ''Okinawa: The History of an Island People'' (revised ed.). Boston: Tuttle Publishing. p. 50.</ref>
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