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== Basic properties == Any real number can be expressed as the product of its [[absolute value]] and its sign: <math display="block"> x = |x| \sgn x\,.</math> It follows that whenever <math>x</math> is not equal to 0 we have <math display="block"> \sgn x = \frac{x}{|x|} = \frac{|x|}{x}\,.</math> Similarly, for ''any'' real number <math>x</math>, <math display="block"> |x| = x\sgn x\,. </math> We can also be certain that: <math display="block">\sgn (xy)=(\sgn x)(\sgn y)\,,</math> and so <math display="block">\sgn (x^n)=(\sgn x)^n\,.</math>
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