Editing Silicon on sapphire (section)

== Circuits and systems ==
[[Image:Patchdiesos.jpg|frame|right|A silicon on sapphire microchip designed by e-Lab<ref name="Yale_eLab"/>]]

The advantages of the SOS technology allow research groups to fabricate a variety of SOS circuits and systems that benefit from the technology and advance the state-of-the-art in:

* analog-to-digital converters (a nano-Watts prototype was produced by Yale e-Lab)<ref name="Yale_1a"/><ref name="Yale_1b"/>
* monolithic digital isolation buffers<ref name="Yale_2"/>
* SOS-CMOS image sensor arrays (one of the first standard CMOS image sensor arrays capable of transducing light simultaneously from both sides of the die was produced by Yale e-Lab)<ref name="Yale_3"/>
* patch-clamp amplifiers<ref name="Yale_4"/>
* energy harvesting devices<ref name="Yale_5"/>
* three-dimensional (3D) integration with no galvanic connections
* charge pumps<ref name="Yale_6"/>
* temperature sensors<ref name="Yale_5"/>
* early microprocessors, such as the [[RCA 1802]]