Editing Speed bump (section)

==History==
On June 7, 1906, ''[[The New York Times]]'' reported on an early implementation of what might be considered speed bumps in [[Chatham, New Jersey]], which planned to raise its crosswalks {{Convert|5|in|cm|abbr=out|sigfig=2|spell=in}} above the road level: "This scheme of stopping automobile speeding has been discussed by different municipalities, but Chatham is the first place to put it in practice".<ref>{{cite news|title=Democratic Rate Plan Favored by Roosevelt [and other news]|work=New York Times|date=1906-03-07|page=3}}</ref> The average automobile's top speed at the time was around {{cvt|30|mph|km/h|abbr=on|sigfig=1|order=flip}}, but braking was poor by modern standards.{{citation needed|date=November 2013}}

[[Arthur Holly Compton]] was a [[physicist]] and winner of the [[Nobel Prize]] in physics in 1927 for his discoveries resulting in major changes in [[electromagnetic theory]]. He is commonly known for his work on the [[Compton effect]] with [[X-ray]]s. He also invented what he called "traffic control bumps", the basic design for the speed hump, in 1953. Compton began designs on the speed bump after noticing the speed at which motorists passed Brookings Hall at [[Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University]] in [[St. Louis, Missouri]], where he was [[chancellor (education)|chancellor]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Original Traffic control sketch made by Compton in 1953|url=http://library.wustl.edu/units/spec/archives/facts/images/traffic_control_sketch_1953.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615162332/http://library.wustl.edu/units/spec/archives/facts/images/traffic_control_sketch_1953.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2010-06-15|publisher=Washington University Libraries|access-date=2014-03-14}}</ref>

The British Transport and Road Research Laboratory published a comprehensive report in 1973 examining vehicle behavior for a large variety of different bump geometries.<ref>Road humps for the control of vehicle speeds by G.R. Watts, TRRL Laboratory Report 597,1973</ref> At the time speed humps were not permitted on public roads but had been installed on private roads.

According to a publication by the [[Institute of Transportation Engineers]], the first speed bump in Europe was built in 1970 in the city of [[Delft]] in the [[Netherlands]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Klaus Schlabbach|title=Traffic Calming in Europe|url=http://www.ite.org/traffic/documents/JGA97A38.pdf|publisher=Institute of Transportation Engineers|access-date=2014-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829110759/http://www.ite.org/traffic/documents/JGA97A38.pdf|archive-date=2012-08-29|url-status=dead}}</ref>