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Summit Tunnel
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== Incidents == [[File:Summit Tunnel, North Portal - geograph.org.uk - 60363.jpg|thumb|Public walkthrough of the Summit Tunnel days prior to its reopening to rail traffic, 17 August 1985]] {{see|Summit Tunnel fire}} The tunnel closed for the first eight months of 1985 following a [[Summit Tunnel fire|fire]] that generated sufficient heat to [[vitrify]] sections of its outer brickwork.<ref name = "eng time"/><ref name = "150 man"/> The build up of heat in the surrounding ground led to a 'false spring'; many plants produced flowers and buds as the warm soil triggered new growth. Damage to the tunnel lining was minimal which was attributed to heated gases from the fire escaping through the [[ventilation shaft]]s.<ref name = "150 man"/> Restoration involved replacing {{convert|500|m|yd|order=flip}} of track and sleepers before it re-opened to traffic on 19 August 1985.<ref name = "eng time">[http://www.engineering-timelines.com/scripts/engineeringItem.asp?id=1130 “Summit Tunnel.”] ‘’engineering-timelines.com’’, Retrieved: 12 June 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.todmordennews.co.uk/news/summit-tunnel-blaze-was-a-threat-to-towns-future-1-1847458 "Summit Tunnel blaze was a threat to towns' future."] ''Todmorden News'', 19 December 2009. Retrieved 12 June 2018.</ref> On 28 December 2010, a passenger train travelling from Manchester to Leeds was [[Derailment|derailed]] when it struck ice that had fallen onto the tracks from one of the ventilation shafts. The ice had built up during exceptionally cold weather and fell into the tunnel when it started to thaw. The train was the first to use the tunnel in three days as a result of a temporary break in services around [[Christmas]]. It collided with the tunnel wall, but remained upright and no injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.raib.gov.uk/publications/investigation_reports/reports_2011/report162011.cfm “Derailment in Summit tunnel, near Todmorden, West Yorkshire.”] ‘’Rail Accident Investigation Board’’, 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2018.</ref><ref>[http://orr.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/16598/raib-summit-tunnel-2014-10-13.pdf "Derailment in Summit tunnel, near Todmorden, West Yorkshire, 28 December 2010."] ''Office of Rail Regulation'', 13 October 2014. Retrieved 12 June 2018.</ref>
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