Editing Supermodel (section)

===Origins===
An early use of the term ''supermodel'' appeared in 1891, in an interview with artist [[Henry Stacy Marks]] for ''[[The Strand Magazine]]'', in which Marks told journalist Harry How, "A good many models are addicted to drink, and, after sitting a while, will suddenly go to sleep. Then I have had what I call the 'super' model. You know the sort of man; he goes in for theatrical effect&nbsp;..."<ref>{{cite journal|title=Illustrated Interviews. No. II. – Henry Stacy Marks, R.A|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UeIvAAAAMAAJ&q=%22super%20model%22&pg=PA118|page=118|date=July–December 1891|first=Harry|last=How|editor=Geo. Newnes|journal=The Strand Magazine|volume= 2|access-date=11 August 2011}}</ref> On 6 October 1942, a writer named Judith Cass had used the term ''super model'' for her article in the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'', which headlined "Super Models Are Signed for Fashion Show".<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com Chicago Tribune archives] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223192745/http://www.chicagotribune.com/ |date=23 February 2010 }} Cass, Judith. ''Chicago Daily Tribune''. {{"'}}Super' Models Are Signed for Fashion Show" 6 October 1942. pg 21.</ref> Later in 1943, an agent named Clyde Matthew Dessner used the term in a "how-to" book about modeling, entitled ''So You Want to Be a Model!'', in which Dessner wrote, "She will be a super-model, but the girl in her will be like the girl in you—quite ordinary, but ambitious and eager for personal development."<ref>{{cite book |last=Dessner |first=Clyde M. |date=1943 |title=So You Want to Be a Model! The Art of Feminine Living |location=Chicago |publisher=Morgan-Dillon & Co |oclc=3193185}}</ref><ref name=Americandialect>{{cite web|url=http://www.americandialect.org/americandialectarchives/aug97103.html|title=Supermodels|author=Popik, Barry|date=13 August 1997|quote=She will be a super-model, but the girl in her will be like the girl in you—quite ordinary, but ambitious and eager for personal development.|publisher=Americandialect.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927012531/http://www.americandialect.org/americandialectarchives/aug97103.html|archive-date=27 September 2011|access-date=16 October 2011}}</ref> According to ''Model: The Ugly Business of Beautiful Women'' by [[Michael Gross (journalist)|Michael Gross]], the term ''supermodel'' was first used by Dessner in the 1940s.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gross |first1=Michael |author1-link=Michael Gross (journalist) |title=Model: The Ugly Business of Beautiful Women |date=2011 |publisher=Harper Collins |location=New York|isbn=978-0062076120 |page=12 |url={{google books|id=oc2utNlf_AYC|plainurl=y|p=12}}}}</ref> In 1949, ''[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]'' magazine referred to [[Anita Colby]], the highest paid model at the time,<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Cinema: Cover Girl|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,775317,00.html|magazine=Time|date=8 January 1945|access-date=11 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926080038/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,775317,00.html|archive-date=26 September 2011}}</ref> as a "super model": "She's been super model, super movie saleswoman, and top brass at [[Selznick International Pictures|Selznick]] and [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]]."<ref>{{cite book|title=Hearst's International Combined with Cosmopolitan|volume=126|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G7VXAAAAMAAJ&q=%22super+model%22|year=1949|page=33|quote=She's been super model, super movie saleswoman, and top brass at Selznick and Paramount|access-date=11 August 2011}}</ref> On 18 October 1959, Vancouver's ''Chinatown News'' described Susan Chew as a "super model".<ref>{{cite news|title=Town Talk|url=http://multiculturalcanada.ca/node/467868|page=11|work=Chinatown News (Vancouver)|volume=7|number=4|date=18 October 1959|publisher=Chinese Publicity Bureau|quote=For this glittering program they called on super model Susan Chew to do the organizing.|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120421014508/http://multiculturalcanada.ca/node/467868|archive-date=21 April 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Lisa Fonssagrives at Paddington Station, London, 1951.jpg|thumb|[[Lisa Fonssagrives]] at [[London Paddington station]], 1951|alt=|left]]

The term ''supermodel'' had also been used several times in the media in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1965, the encyclopedic guide ''American Jurisprudence Trials'' used the term "super model" ("...at issue was patient's belief that her husband was having an affair with a super model").<ref>{{cite book|title=American Jurisprudence Trials|volume=8|page=154|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n3JAAAAAIAAJ&q=%22affair+with+a+super-model%22 |publisher=West Group|year=1965}}</ref> On 21 March 1967, ''[[The New York Times]]'' referred to [[Twiggy]] as a supermodel;<ref name="oed.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/334327?redirectedFrom=supermodel& |title=Home : Oxford English Dictionary |website=Oed.com |access-date=30 January 2016}}</ref> the February 1968 article of ''[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]]'' listed all 19 "supermodels"; ''[[The Chicago Defender|The Chicago Daily Defender]]'' wrote "New York Designer Turns Super Model" in January 1970; ''[[The Washington Post]]'' and the ''[[Mansfield News Journal]]'' used the term in 1971; and in 1974, both the ''Chicago Tribune'' and ''[[The Advocate (Newark)|The Advocate]]'' used the term "supermodel" in their articles.<ref name=BarryPopik>BarryPopik.com [http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/superman_superstar_supermodel/ Supermodel] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130120102/http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/superman_superstar_supermodel/ |date=30 January 2016 }} 25 July 2004</ref> American [[Vogue (magazine)|''Vogue'']] used the term "super-model" to describe [[Jean Shrimpton]] in the 15 October 1965 edition, and "supermodel" on the cover page to describe [[Margaux Hemingway]] in the 1 September 1975 edition.<ref>[http://img.inkfrog.com/pix/cooperama/DL726TALSFST.jpg ''Vogue'' cover scan. 1 September 1975 edition] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120228203741/http://img.inkfrog.com/pix/cooperama/DL726TALSFST.jpg |date=28 February 2012 }}. Archived from Ebay.co.uk. Subheadline says, "New York's new supermodel, Margaux Hemingway".</ref> Hemingway was again described as a "supermodel" in the 25 July 1977 edition of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''.<ref name="oed.com"/> ''[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]]'' also described [[Beverly Johnson]] as a "supermodel" in the 22 December 1977 edition.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Wb8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA40&dq=%22super-model "Words of the Week: Beverly Johnson"] 22 December 1977. ''Jet''. Vol. 53, No. 14, page 40.</ref>

Model [[Janice Dickinson]] has incorrectly stated that she coined the term ''supermodel'' in 1979, as a compound of [[Superman]] and model.<ref name="janiceinstinct">Dickinson, Janice. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071207182913/http://instinctmagazine.com/celebrity-interviews/janice-dickinson.html Instinct Magazine: Janice Dickinson] Archived from [http://instinctmagazine.com/celebrity-interviews/janice-dickinson.html original link]. 1 June 2006. InstinctMagazine.com. Retrieved 9 June 2009.</ref> During an interview with ''[[Entertainment Tonight]]'', Dickinson stated that her agent, Monique Pilar of [[Elite Model Management]], asked her, "Janice, who do you think you are, Superman?" She replied, "No&nbsp;... I'm a supermodel, honey, and you will refer to me as a supermodel and you will start a supermodel division." Dickinson also claims to have been the first supermodel.<ref name="janiceinstinct" />

[[Lisa Fonssagrives]] is widely considered to have been the world's first supermodel, with a career that began in the 1930s.<ref name="query.nytimes.com">{{cite journal|first=Rosemary|last=Ranck|title=The First Supermodel|journal=The New York Times|date=9 February 1997|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9902E2DE153DF93AA35751C0A961958260|access-date=21 July 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071112023828/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9902E2DE153DF93AA35751C0A961958260|archive-date=12 November 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Christian Dior: Lisa Fonssagrives lives|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/life/2008-07/01/content_6809682.htm|work=China Daily|date=1 July 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606065939/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/life/2008-07/01/content_6809682.htm|archive-date=6 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Photographs of Angelina Jolie, Kate Moss and Britney Spears for sale at Christie's|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/celebritynews/3452390/Photographs-of-Angelina-Jolie-Kate-Moss-and-Britney-Spears-for-sale-at-Christies.html|author=Singh, Anita|date=13 November 2008|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918130449/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/celebritynews/3452390/Photographs-of-Angelina-Jolie-Kate-Moss-and-Britney-Spears-for-sale-at-Christies.html|archive-date=18 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pictures: Original stills from JFK assassination revealed|url=http://www.amateurphotographer.co.uk/news/Pictures_Worlds_first_supermodel_Original_1963_stills_from_JFK_assassination_revaled_news_150431.html|date=19 October 2007|author=Cheesman, Chris|work=Amateur Photographer|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024123057/http://www.amateurphotographer.co.uk/news/Pictures_Worlds_first_supermodel_Original_1963_stills_from_JFK_assassination_revaled_news_150431.html|archive-date=24 October 2007}}</ref> She was in most of the major fashion magazines and general interest magazines from the 1930s to the 1950s, including ''[[Town & Country (magazine)|Town & Country]]'', ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'', ''Vogue'', the original ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'', ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]'', and ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=On the life and work of photographer Beatrice Tonnesen|url=http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/March-2010/On-the-life-and-work-of-photographer-Beatrice-Tonnesen/|publisher=Chicagomag.com|author=Johnson, Geoffrey|date=March 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103032939/http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/March-2010/On-the-life-and-work-of-photographer-Beatrice-Tonnesen/|archive-date=3 November 2012}}</ref> [[Evelyn Nesbit]] (with a career launched around 1900)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20141222-the-worlds-first-supermodel |title=Evelyn Nesbit: The World's first supermodel |first=Lindsay |last=Baker |website=BBC |date=4 January 2015 |access-date=4 January 2019}}</ref> and [[Dorian Leigh]] (her career launched in 1944) have also been called the world's first supermodel,<ref>{{cite news|title=Archetypal supermodel was more than a face|date=16 July 2008 |work=The Australian |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/executive-lifestyle/archetypal-supermodel-was-more-than-a-face/story-e6frg8k6-1111116922247}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.co.uk/news/world/215214-worlds-first-supermodel-dies|title=World's first supermodel dies|date=11 July 2008|publisher=Metro.co.uk|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001114638/http://www.metro.co.uk/news/world/215214-worlds-first-supermodel-dies|archive-date=1 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dorian Leigh Remembered|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/080714-dorian-leigh-remembered.aspx|work=Vogue|date=14 July 2008|author=Bumpus, Jessica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227094115/http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/080714-dorian-leigh-remembered.aspx|archive-date=27 December 2010}}</ref> as well as [[Jean Shrimpton]] (early 1960s),<ref>{{cite book|title=From Abba to Zoom: A Pop Culture Encyclopedia of the Late 20th Century|author=Mansour, David|page=430|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b1ruwF6xYNIC&q=jean+shrimpton+first+supermodel&pg=PA430|isbn=0-7407-5118-2|year=2005}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=The Advocate|author=Busch, Charles|title=He's Every Woman |page=60 |date=24 January 1995 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5WMEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22world%27s+first+supermodel%22&pg=PA60}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Model Jean Shrimpton recollects the stir she caused on Victoria Derby Day in 1965 |work=Herald Sun |location=Australia |url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/special-reports/model-jean-shrimpton-recollects-the-stir-she-caused-on-victoria-derby-day-in-1965/story-e6frf8wx-1225792003365 |date=28 October 2009 |author=Magee, Antonia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614143243/http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/special-reports/model-jean-shrimpton-recollects-the-stir-she-caused-on-victoria-derby-day-in-1965/story-e6frf8wx-1225792003365 |archive-date=14 June 2011  }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Normal at Any Cost: Tall Girls, Short Boys, and the Medical Industry's Quest to Manipulate Height |publisher=Penguin |author=Susan Cohen, Christine Cosgrove |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-58542-683-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/normalatanycostt00cohe|url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/normalatanycostt00cohe/page/9 9] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.milesago.com/Features/shrimpton.htm |title=Jean Shrimpton in Melbourne |publisher=Milesago.com |access-date=7 March 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303183125/http://www.milesago.com/Features/shrimpton.htm |archive-date=3 March 2011  }}</ref> and [[Gia Carangi]] (late 1970s).<ref name=independent>{{cite news |url=http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/article311535.ece |title=Gia: The tragic tale of the world's first supermodel |first=Paul |last=Vallely |date=10 September 2005 |access-date=28 May 2007 |work=The Independent |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080101071428/http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/article311535.ece |archive-date=1 January 2008  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
  | last = Carolin
  | first = Louise
  | title = Gia – the tragedy of a lesbian supermodel
  | work = [[Diva (magazine)|Diva]]
  | url = http://www.divamag.co.uk/diva/features.asp?AID=2076
  | access-date = 17 January 2008
  | url-status = dead
  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070325034239/http://www.divamag.co.uk/diva/features.asp?AID=2076
  | archive-date = 25 March 2007
  | df = dmy-all
  }}
</ref>

Dutch-born model [[Wilhelmina Cooper]] holds the record for most covers on American ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'', appearing 27 or 28 times throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Cooper would go on to found [[Wilhelmina Models]] modeling and talent agency in 1967.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Wilhelmina International, Inc. Annual Report 2008|title=Dear Shareholder|url=http://www.wilhelmina.com/investordocs/WHLM08AR.pdf|page=3|last=Schwarz|first=Mark|year=2008|publisher=Wilhelmina.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110211214107/http://wilhelmina.com/investordocs/WHLM08AR.pdf|archive-date=11 February 2011}}</ref>