Editing Taiwan (section)

===Names for the island===
In his ''[[Daoyi Zhilüe]]'' (1349), [[Wang Dayuan]] used "[[Liuqiu (medieval)|Liuqiu]]" as a name for the island, or the part of it closest to [[Penghu]].{{sfnp|Thompson|1964|p=166}} Elsewhere, the name was used for the [[Ryukyu Islands]] in general or [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]] specifically; the name ''Ryūkyū'' is the Japanese form of ''Liúqiú''. The name also appears in the ''[[Book of Sui]]'' (636) and other early works, but scholars cannot agree on whether these references are to the Ryukyus, Taiwan or even [[Luzon]].{{sfnp|Thompson|1964|p=163}}

The name Formosa ({{lang|zh-hant|[[:wikt:福爾摩沙|福爾摩沙]]}}) dates from 1542, when Portuguese sailors noted it on their [[Portolan chart|maps]] as ''Ilha Formosa'' ([[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] for "''beautiful island''").<ref name="yb:history">{{cite book |chapter=Chapter 3: History |chapter-url=http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/yearbook/docs/ch03.pdf |title=The Republic of China Yearbook 2011 |year=2011 |publisher=Government Information Office, Republic of China (Taiwan) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514004941/http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/yearbook/docs/ch03.pdf |archive-date=14 May 2012 |page=46}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ilha Formosa: the Emergence of Taiwan on the World Scene in the 17th Century |url=https://www.npm.gov.tw/exhbition/formosa/english/02.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414002106/http://www.npm.gov.tw/exhbition/formosa/english/02.htm |archive-date=14 April 2018 |access-date=12 April 2018 |website=[[National Palace Museum]]}}</ref> The name ''Formosa'' eventually "replaced all others in European literature"{{sfnp|Davidson|1903|p=10|ps=: "A Dutch navigating officer named [[Jan Huyghen van Linschoten|{{sic|Linsc|hotten|nolink=y}}]], employed by the Portuguese, so recorded the island in his charts, and eventually the name of Formosa, so euphonious and yet appropriate, replaced all others in European literature."}} and remained in common use among English speakers into the 20th century.<ref>see for example:
* {{cite book |title=Sketches from Formosa |year=1915 |last=Campbell |first=William |author-link=William Campbell (missionary) |publisher=Marshall Brothers |url=https://archive.org/stream/sketchesfromtaiw00camprich#page/278/mode/2up |ol=7051071M }}
* {{harvp|Campbell|1903}}
* {{harvp|Davidson|1903}}</ref>

In 1603, a Chinese expedition fleet anchored at a place in Taiwan called Dayuan, a variant of "Taiwan".{{sfn|Thompson|1964|p=178}}<ref name="chendi">{{cite journal|last=Jenco|first=Leigh K.|year=2020|title=Chen Di's Record of Formosa (1603) and an Alternative Chinese Imaginary of Otherness|journal=The Historical Journal|volume=64|pages=17–42|doi=10.1017/S0018246X1900061X|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tm.ncl.edu.tw/article?u=007_103_000069&lang=chn|title=閩海贈言|website=National Central Library|language=zh|pages=21–29|access-date=7 January 2023|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328161738/https://tm.ncl.edu.tw/article?u=007_103_000069&lang=chn|url-status=live}}</ref> In the early 17th century, the [[Dutch East India Company]] established a commercial post at [[Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)|Fort Zeelandia]] (modern-day [[Anping District|Anping]]) on a coastal sandbar called "Tayouan",{{sfnp|Valentijn|1903|p=52}} after their [[ethnonym]] for a nearby [[Taiwanese indigenous peoples|Taiwanese aboriginal]] tribe, possibly [[Taivoan people]].<ref name="Mair">{{cite web |last=Mair |first=Victor H. |author-link=Victor H. Mair |date=2003 |title=How to Forget Your Mother Tongue and Remember Your National Language |url=http://pinyin.info/readings/mair/taiwanese.html |website=Pīnyīn.info |quote=The true derivation of the name "Taiwan" is actually from the ethnonym of a tribe in the southwest part of the island in the area around Ping'an. As early as 1636, a Dutch missionary referred to this group as Taiouwang. From the name of the tribe, the Portuguese called the area around Ping'an as Tayowan, Taiyowan, Tyovon, Teijoan, Toyouan, and so forth. Indeed, already in his ship's log of 1622, the Dutchman Cornelis Reijersen referred to the area as Teijoan and Taiyowan. |access-date=5 April 2018 |archive-date=13 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213183153/http://pinyin.info/readings/mair/taiwanese.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Use of the current Chinese name ({{lang|zh-hant|{{linktext|臺灣}} / {{linktext|台灣}}}}) became official as early as 1684 during the [[Qing dynasty]] with the establishment of [[Taiwan Prefecture]] centered in modern-day [[Tainan]]. Through its rapid development the entire Taiwanese mainland eventually became known as "Taiwan".<ref name="蔡玉仙等編">{{cite book |script-title=zh:府城文史 | editor=蔡玉仙 |display-editors=etal |year=2007 |publisher=[[Tainan City Government]] |language=zh |isbn=978-986-00-9434-3}}</ref><ref name="石守謙主編">{{cite book |editor=Shih Shou-chien |editor-link=Shih Shou-chien |year=2003 |trans-title = Ilha Formosa: the Emergence of Taiwan on the World Scene in the 17th Century |script-title=zh:福爾摩沙 : 十七世紀的臺灣、荷蘭與東亞 |language=zh |publisher = National Palace Museum |place=Taipei |isbn=978-957-562-441-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Kato |first=Mitsutaka |orig-date=1940 |year=2007 |script-title =zh:昨日府城 明星台南: 發現日治下的老臺南 |language=zh |translator=黃秉珩 |publisher=臺南市文化資產保護協會 |isbn=978-957-28079-9-6}}</ref><ref name="Oosterhoff">{{cite book |title=Colonial Cities: Essays on Urbanism in a Colonial Context |editor1-first=Robert |editor1-last=Ross |editor2-first=Gerard J. |editor2-last=Telkamp |chapter=Zeelandia, a Dutch colonial city on Formosa (1624–1662) |first=J.L. |last=Oosterhoff |pages=51–62 |publisher=Springer |year=1985 |isbn=978-90-247-2635-6}}</ref>