Editing Tejanos (section)

===Texas Creoles===
In colonial Texas, the term "Creole" (''criollo'') distinguished Old World Africans and Europeans from their descendants born in the New world, Creoles, who were the citizens of [[New Spain]]'s Tejas province.<ref name="andrewdelbanco">{{cite book |title=The War Before the War Fugitive Slaves and the Struggle for America's Soul from the Revolution to the Civil War|author=Andrew Delbanco|publisher=Penguin Publishing Group|year=2019|pages=190}}</ref><ref name="williamcdavis">{{cite book |title=Lone Star Rising|author=William C. Davis|publisher=Free Press|year=2017|pages=63, 64}}</ref><ref name="philipthomastucker">{{cite book |title=Emily D. West and the "Yellow Rose of Texas" Myth|author=Phillip Thomas Tucker|publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers|year=2014|pages=100}}</ref>

Texas Creole culture revolved around ''ranchos'' (Tejano ranches), attended mostly by ''vaqueros'' (cowboys) of African, Spaniard, or Mestizo descent who established a number of settlements in southeastern Texas and western Louisiana (e.g. [[Los Adaes]]).<ref name="andrewdelbanco" /><ref name="williamcdavis" /><ref name="francisxgalan">{{cite book |title=Los Adaes, the First Capital of Spanish Texas|author= Francis X. Galan|publisher=Texas A&M University Press|year=2020|pages=416}}</ref><ref name="vaqueros">{{cite book |title=Vaqueros, Cowboys, and Buckaroos|author=Lawrence Clayton|author2=Jim Hoy|author3=Jerald Underwood|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=2010|pages=2}}</ref>

[[History of African Americans in Texas|Black Texas]] Creoles have been present in Texas since the 17th century and served as soldiers in Spanish garrisons of eastern Texas. Generations of Black Texas Creoles, also known as "Black Tejanos," played a role in later phases of Texas history during Mexican Texas, the Republic of Texas, and American Texas.<ref name="philipthomastucker" />