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Terrain
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== Relief == Relief (or ''local relief'') refers specifically to the quantitative measurement of vertical elevation change in a [[landscape]]. It is the difference between maximum and minimum elevations within a given area, usually of limited extent.<ref>{{cite book |last=Summerfield |first=M.A. |url=https://archive.org/details/globalgeomorphol0000summ |title=Global Geomorphology |date=1991 |publisher=[[Pearson Education|Pearson]] |isbn=9780582301566 |page=537 |url-access=registration}}</ref> A relief can be described qualitatively, such as a "{{visible anchor|low relief|Low relief|Low-relief}}" or "{{visible anchor|high relief|High relief|High-relief}}" [[plain]] or [[Upland and lowland|upland]]. The relief of a landscape can change with the size of the area over which it is measured, making the definition of the scale over which it is measured very important. Because it is related to the slope of surfaces within the area of interest and to the [[Stream gradient|gradient]] of any streams present, the relief of a landscape is a useful metric in the study of the Earth's surface. Relief energy, which may be defined ''[[inter alia]]'' as "the maximum height range in a regular grid",<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YzBNmiGS-7oC&dq=definition+of+%22relief+energy%22&pg=PA48 |title=African Landscapes: Interdisciplinary Approaches |editor1-first=Michael |editor1-last=Bollig |editor2-first=Olaf |editor2-last=Bubenzer |location=Cologne |publisher=Springer |date=2009 |page=48 |isbn=9780387786827 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> is essentially an indication of the ruggedness or relative height of the terrain.
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