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Three marks of existence
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=== Three marks === In the [[Pali]] tradition of the [[Theravada]] school, the three marks are:{{sfnp|Alexander|2019|p=36}}<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite book |last=Hahn |first=Thich Nhat |title=The Heart of the Buddha's Teaching |location=New York |publisher=Broadway Books |date=1999 |page=22}}</ref>{{sfn|Walsh|1995|p=30}} * ''sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā'' – all ''[[saṅkhāra]]s'' (conditioned things) are impermanent * ''sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā'' – all ''saṅkhāras'' are unsatisfactory, imperfect, unstable * ''sabbe dhammā anattā'' – all ''[[dharma#Buddhism|dharmas]]'' (conditioned or unconditioned things) have no unchanging self or soul The northern Buddhist Sarvāstivāda tradition meanwhile has the following in their ''Samyukta [[Āgama (Buddhism)|Agama]]'':<ref name=":1" /><ref>Thich Nhat Hanh, ''The Heart of the Buddha's Teaching''</ref> * All conditioned things are impermanent (''sarvasaṃskārā anityāḥ'') * All dharmas are non-self (''sarvadharmā anātmānaḥ)'' * Nirvāṇa is calm (''śāntaṃ nirvāṇam'')
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