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Tim Bray
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==Career== Bray joined [[Digital Equipment Corporation]] (DEC) in [[Toronto]] as a software specialist. In 1983, Bray left DEC for Microtel Pacific Research. He joined the New [[Oxford English Dictionary|Oxford English Dictionary (OED)]] project at the [[University of Waterloo]] in 1987 as its manager.<ref name="oed">{{Cite journal | last1 = Blake | first1 = G. E. | last2 = Bray | first2 = T. | last3 = Tompa | first3 = F. W. | doi = 10.1145/146760.146764 | title = Shortening the OED: Experience with a grammar-defined database | journal = ACM Transactions on Information Systems | volume = 10 | issue = 3 | pages = 213 | year = 1992 | s2cid = 16859602 | doi-access = free }}</ref> It was during this time Bray worked with [[SGML]], a technology that would later become central to both [[Open Text Corporation]] and his XML and [[Atom (standard)|Atom standardization]] work.<ref name="dblp"/><ref name="acm"/> Bray co-founded [[#Antarctica Systems|Antarctica Systems]] - in 2002, during his tenure as CEO for Antarctica, Bray was included in [[Upside (magazine)|Upside magazine's]] ''elite 100'' list, alongside other IT leaders like [[Bill Gates]], [[Steve Jobs]], [[Michael Dell]] and [[Larry Ellison]].<ref> {{cite web |url= https://www.geospatialworld.net/news/antarcti-ca-ceo-tim-bray-joins-technologys-elite/ |title= Antarcti.ca CEO Tim Bray joins technology's elite |publisher= geospatialworld.net |date = 23 January 2002 |access-date=4 May 2020}} </ref> Bray was director of Web Technologies at [[Sun Microsystems]] from early 2004 to early 2010.<ref name="sun"/> He joined [[Google]] as a developer advocate in 2010 focusing on [[Android (operating system)|Android]], and then on technologies related to ''identity'', such as [[OAuth]] and [[OpenID]]. <ref name="dblp">{{DBLP|name=Tim Bray}}</ref><ref name="googlescholar">[https://scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=tim+bray Tim Bray in Google Scholar]</ref><ref name="acm">{{ACMPortal|id=81100100902}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/201x/2010/03/15/Joining-Google |title=Now A No-Evil Zone |date=2010-03-15 |archive-date=2013-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019083421/http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/201x/2012/06/29/Becoming-an-Identity-guy |author=Tim Bray |author-link=Tim Bray |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/201x/2012/06/29/Becoming-an-Identity-guy |title=Now On Identity |date=2012-06-29 |archive-date=2013-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109040921/http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/201x/2010/03/15/Joining-Google |author=Tim Bray |author-link=Tim Bray |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Tim|last=Bray|year=2013|title=Golang Diaries I|website=tbray.org|url=https://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/201x/2013/06/16/Go-Love-Hate|quote=“a really good time to write about something is while you’re still discovering it, before you’re looking at it from the inside” —Tim Bray}}</ref> He left Google in March 2014, unwilling to relocate to [[Silicon Valley]] from [[Vancouver]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Bray|first=Tim|title=Leaving Google|url=https://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/201x/2014/02/19/Leaving-Google|work=Ongoing|access-date=February 21, 2014|date=February 19, 2014}}</ref> He started working for [[Amazon Web Services]] (AWS) in December 2014. Bray left AWS in May 2020, after being dismayed by Amazon's treatment of [[Whistleblower|whistleblowers]] who had raised concerns over the safety of warehouse workers in relation to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. Bray had held the [[vice president]] rank, stating on his blog that "VPs shouldn't go publicly rogue", and had much praise for AWS, yet he wasn't pleased about his co-workers being fired.<ref> {{cite web |url= https://www.theregister.co.uk/2020/05/04/tim_bray_quits_amazon/ |title= 'VPs shouldn't go publicly rogue': XML co-author Tim Bray quits AWS over treatment of staff at Amazon's Retail division |publisher= [[The Register]] |date = 4 May 2020 |access-date= 4 May 2020}} </ref><ref> {{cite web |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-52534567?intlink_from_url=&link_location=live-reporting-story |title= Coronavirus: Amazon vice-president quits over virus firings |publisher= [[BBC]] |date = 4 May 2020 |access-date= 4 May 2020}} </ref><ref name="Bray"/> Bray's entrepreneurial activities include: ===Waterloo Maple=== Bray served as the part-time [[chief executive officer]] of [[Waterloo Maple]] during 1989–1990. Waterloo Maple is the developer of the [[Maple (software)|Maple]] mathematical software. ===Open Text Corporation=== Bray left the new OED project in 1989 to co-found [[Open Text Corporation]] with two colleagues. Open Text commercialised the search engine employed in the new OED project. Bray recalled that “in 1994 I heard a conference speaker say that search engines would be big on the Internet, and in five seconds all the pieces just fell into place in my head. I realized that we could build such a thing with our technology.”<ref name=apple/> Thus in 1995, Open Text released the Open Text Index, one of the first popular commercial [[World Wide Web|web]] [[search engine]]s. Open Text Corporation is publicly traded on the Nasdaq under the symbol OTEX. From 1991 until 1996, Bray was senior vice president—technology'. ===Textuality=== Bray, along with his wife Lauren Wood, ran Textuality,<ref name="textuality">[http://www.textuality.com Textuality]</ref> a consulting practice in the field of web and publishing technology. He was contracted by [[Netscape]] in 1999, along with [[Ramanathan V. Guha]],<ref name="googlescholar"/> in part to create a new version of the [[Meta Content Framework]] called [[Resource Description Framework]], which used the XML language. ===Antarctica Systems=== In 1999 he founded Antarctica Systems, a Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada-based company that specialized in visualization-based business analytics.
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